{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:26:30Z","timestamp":1787775990542,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Context:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are seen in around 2% of apparently healthy individuals. These require careful evaluation for the hormone excess state and the presence of malignancy prior to intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the clinical, biochemical, and imaging characteristics of the patients with AI and correlate the diagnosis with the histopathology findings in patients undergoing surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Settings and Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective observational study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Material:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with adrenal incidentaloma presenting between January 2017 and January 2021 were evaluated as per guidelines provided by the European Society of Endocrinology and the European Network for the Study of Adrenal Tumors. Patients were given final diagnosis on the basis of imaging impression, hormonal activity, and biopsy results (when applicable).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty-eight patients were evaluated, with 25 being male, the mean age being 40.9 years (8\u201371), and the mean size of the mass being 6.21 (1.4\u201313.7) cm. Thirty-five (72.9%) of them underwent surgical excision. The most common diagnosis was myelolipoma (16), followed by pheochromocytoma (10) and adenoma (9). Nineteen patients were found to have hormone-secreting masses. Two patients with pheochromocytoma were normotensive. There was discordance between imaging diagnosis and hormonal status in two patients, with final diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. One patient with extramedullary erythropoiesis of the adrenal gland was subsequently diagnosed with sickle cell anemia and adrenal insufficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study highlights the rare possibility of discrepancy between non-contrast CT diagnosis and functional status of AI. There is also a rare possibility of extramedullary erythropoiesis presenting as AI with adrenal insufficiency. Specific evaluation for such rare possibilities should be considered in AI cases as per clinical scenario.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_335_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T03:20:19Z","timestamp":1650856819000},"page":"73-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Adrenal Incidentaloma Needs thorough Biochemical Evaluation \u2013 An Institutional Experience"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Akash N.","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uma K.","family":"Saikia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bipul K.","family":"Chaudhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Bhuyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-16-0467","article-title":"Management of adrenal incidentalomas:European society of endocrinology clinical practice guideline in collaboration with the European network for the study of adrenal tumors","volume":"175","author":"Fassnacht","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"-20240828","first-page":"866","article-title":"Management of the adrenal \u201cincidentaloma\u201d","volume":"92","author":"Geelhoed","year":"1982","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.4158\/EP.15.5.450","article-title":"The American association of clinical endocrinologists and American association of endocrine surgeons medical guidelines for the management of adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"15","author":"Zeiger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-138-5-200303040-00013","article-title":"Management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass (\u201cincidentaloma\u201d)","volume":"138","author":"Grumbach","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"-20240828","first-page":"460","article-title":"Incidentally discovered adrenal masses","volume":"16","author":"Kloos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1490273","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"149","author":"Barzon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2352031708","article-title":"Minor morphologic abnormalities of adrenal glands at CT:Prognostic importance in patients with lung cancer","volume":"235","author":"Benitah","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-09-0234","article-title":"Recommended evaluation of adrenal incidentalomas is costly, has high false-positive rates and confers a risk of fatal cancer that is similar to the risk of the adrenal lesion becoming malignant;time for a rethink?","volume":"161","author":"Cawood","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000431740.32696.cc","article-title":"2013 ESH\/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension:The task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European society of hypertension (ESH) and of the European society of cardiology (ESC)","volume":"31","author":"Mancia","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.189141","article-title":"Resistant hypertension:Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. 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