{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:04:42Z","timestamp":1787169882499,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Phase I of the\n                      <jats:bold>P<\/jats:bold>\n                      revalence of\n                      <jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold>\n                      estational\n                      <jats:bold>D<\/jats:bold>\n                      iabetes Mellitus in\n                      <jats:bold>R<\/jats:bold>\n                      ural\n                      <jats:bold>D<\/jats:bold>\n                      ehradun (PGDRD) project estimates hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP) prevalence and identifies gaps in the utilization of community-related services in rural areas of the Dehradun district (western Uttarakhand); a state where notably no prior population-based study has ever been conducted despite being an Empowered Action Group state for more than two decades.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a multistage random sampling technique, 1,223 pregnant women locally registered in the rural field practice area of a block were identified. Those requiring HIP screening were subjected to a 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test during the house visit irrespective of their period-of-gestation and last meal timings, diagnosed using the Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group India (DIPSI) criterion (when indicated). Data were collected by personal interviews using a pretested data collection tool. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 was used for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall HIP prevalence recorded was 9.7% (95% CI: 8.1-11.5%); the majority (95.8%) were GDM followed by overt DIP (4.2%). Less than 1% of the subjects (0.7%) self-reported pre-GDM. Despite this burden, more than three-fourths were never screened for HIP in their pregnancy. Of those tested, the majority availed secondary healthcare facilities. Few even had to bear expenses in private with a very handful being tested free-of-cost by ANM in the community; findings that altogether sharply contrast to those recommended by national protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the high HIP burden, beneficiaries are unable to utilize community-related universal screening protocols as desired.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_459_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T07:45:39Z","timestamp":1681371939000},"page":"145-153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy and Related Screening Practices in Rural Dehradun: The First Population-Based Study from Uttarakhand (PGDRD-1)"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Mishra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Swami Rama Himalayan University (SRHU), Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Semwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Swami Rama Himalayan University (SRHU), Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Swami Rama Himalayan University (SRHU), Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Kumar Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Water Resources Development and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2013.11.003","article-title":"Global estimates of the prevalence of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy","volume":"103","author":"Guariguata","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"R4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldn018","article-title":"Type 2 diabetes in childhood:Epidemiological and clinical aspects","volume":"86","author":"Matyka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"R5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.22.288045","article-title":"Screening for gestational diabetes, Ahmedabad, India","volume":"100","author":"Nayak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"R6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-022-04389-5","article-title":"Burden, risk factors and outcomes associated with gestational diabetes in a population-based cohort of pregnant women from North India","volume":"22","author":"Bahl","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"R7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e07431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e07431","article-title":"Gestational diabetes in rural central India:low prevalence but absence of typical risk factors","volume":"7","author":"Chebrolu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"R8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e037836","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-037836","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in rural Assam:A cross-sectional study using mobile medical units","volume":"10","author":"Chanda","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20182038","article-title":"A community based screening of gestational diabetes mellitus within 16 weeks of pregnancy:A study from Mysuru district, Karnataka","volume":"5","author":"Sinha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Community Med Public Health"},{"key":"R10-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40842-016-0028-6","article-title":"Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in urban and rural Tamil Nadu using IADPSG and WHO 1999 criteria (WINGS 6)","volume":"2","author":"Bhavadharini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"R11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-14-0428","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in Punjab, North India:Results from a population screening program","volume":"173","author":"Arora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"R12-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.159061","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus in rural population of Western India-Results of a community survey","volume":"19","author":"Bhatt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R13-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.5455\/ijmsph.2013.211120131","article-title":"A study to estimate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in an urban block of Kashmir valley (North India)","volume":"3","author":"Raja","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci Public Health"},{"key":"R14-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.5455\/ijmsph.2014.290720141","article-title":"Gestational diabetes:Perinatal and maternal complication in 24-28 weeks","volume":"3","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci Public Health"},{"key":"R15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.131176","article-title":"Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in rural Haryana:A community-based study","volume":"18","author":"Rajput","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R16-20240828","first-page":"140","article-title":"Screening of gestational diabetes and hypertension among antenatal women in rural west India","volume":"3","author":"Dave","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cent Asian J Glob Health"},{"key":"R17-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2013.10.001","article-title":"Maternal and foetal outcome of gestational diabetes mellitus in a rural block of Assam, India","volume":"2","author":"Mahanta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"R18-20240828","first-page":"329","article-title":"Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in south India (Tamil Nadu) \u2013A community based study","volume":"56","author":"Seshiah","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians of India"},{"key":"R19-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0218.39247","article-title":"Gestational diabetes in rural women of Jammu","volume":"33","author":"Verma","year":"2008","journal-title":"Indian J Community Med"},{"key":"R20-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2004.02.023","article-title":"Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Kashmiri women from the Indian subcontinent","volume":"66","author":"Zargar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"R21-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-018-1131-1","article-title":"Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes in India:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Diabetol"},{"key":"R26-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_178_18","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus 2018 guidelines:An update","volume":"7","author":"Mishra","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5837","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_611_20","article-title":"A step towards real-time implementation of GDM guidelines in India:Review of Gaps in RCH Programme","volume":"9","author":"Mishra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R30-20240828","year":"2011","journal-title":"Village and Town wise. Primary Census Abstract. Directorate of Census Operations. Uttarakhand"},{"key":"R31-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_288_19","article-title":"Socioeconomic status scales-modified Kuppuswamy and Udai Pareekh's scale updated for 2019","volume":"8","author":"Wani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R32-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.180001","article-title":"Current practices in the diagnosis and management of gestational diabetes mellitus in India (WINGS-5)","volume":"20","author":"Mahalakshmi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocr Metab"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_459_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:14:28Z","timestamp":1787166868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_459_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_459_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["2230-9500","2230-8210"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2230-9500","type":"print"},{"value":"2230-8210","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-21","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}