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It comprehensively identifies endogenous and exogenous low-molecular-weight (&lt;1 kDa) molecules or metabolites in a high-throughput manner. Mass spectrometry-based methods are used for metabolomics which can be targeted and non-targeted. Metabolomics workflow consists of sample acquisition, its preparation and extraction, separation, ionisation, data analysis, and metabolite detection and identification. Some of the commonly elevated metabolomes are branched-chain amino acids like isoleucine, leucine, and valine in diabetes, carnitine and glutamate in osteoporosis, deoxycholic acid and betahydroxybutyrate in pituitary tumours, glutamic acid, valine, isoleucine for malignant thyroid nodules, L-asparagine, L-glutamine, dimethylarginine for hyperparathyroidism, tetrahydro-11-doxycortisol for adrenal tumours, and oxidised glutathione for hypogonadism. Knowing metabolomics can help us formulate personalised treatment choices for precision medicine in endocrinology. 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