{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:21:52Z","timestamp":1787840512995,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gestational age, ethnicity, assay method, thyroid autoimmunity and iodine status of the community affect thyroid hormone levels in pregnancy, and there is a need to establish trimester-specific reference ranges for thyroid hormones across different regions of the world. There was no previous study regarding this from this part of the country. The aim of this study was to establish trimester-specific reference range for thyroid hormones during pregnancy in a tertiary care centre in Southern Odisha.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this cross-sectional study a total of 676 (n = 180, 244 and 342 for first, second and third trimester, respectively) healthy pregnant women (18-40 years) carrying a singleton pregnancy were recruited after excluding women with history of chronic medical illness, personal or family history thyroid disorder, recurrent abortion, oligo\/polyhydramnios, hyperemesis gravidarum, goitre, intake of drugs affecting thyroid hormones, anti-TPO antibody positivity (&gt;60 IU\/ml) and low maternal spot urinary iodine concentration (&lt;150 \u03bcg\/L). Serum free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), free tetra-iodothyronine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were estimated for each trimester by chemiluminescence (CLIA) method and reference interval was expressed as 2.5\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      and 97.5\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      percentile.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The reference interval for TSH was 0.12-4.10 \u03bcIU\/ml, 0.55-3.97 \u03bcIU\/ml and 0.46-4.31 \u03bcIU\/ml for first, second and third trimester, respectively. The reference intervals for FT3 were 1.93-3.78 pg\/ml, 2.06-3.55 pg\/ml, 1.77-3.25 pg\/ml and for FT4 were 0.78-1.50 ng\/dl, 0.72-1.34 ng\/dl, 0.70-1.31 ng\/dl in the first, second and third trimester respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The upper reference limit of TSH obtained from our study corroborates with that proposed by American Thyroid Association (2017).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_78_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:00:09Z","timestamp":1756278009000},"page":"453-457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Trimester-Specific Reference Range for Thyroid Function Tests (TFTs) in Normal Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Centre"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Deepak K.","family":"Dash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padala R.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radhakrishna","family":"Telagareddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, RK ENDOCARE, Rajamhendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debasish","family":"Patro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahija","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, MKCG Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502753451986","article-title":"Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism complicating pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Abalovich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"R2-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.18.3.0300","article-title":"The regulation of thyroid function in pregnancy:Pathways of endocrine adaptation from physiology to pathology","volume":"18","author":"Glinoer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"R3-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03350244","article-title":"Thyroid function evaluation by different commercially available free thyroid hormone measurement kits in term pregnant women and their newborns","volume":"14","author":"Roti","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"R4-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.089680","article-title":"Second-trimester reference intervals for thyroid tests:The role of ethnicity","volume":"53","author":"La'ulu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R5-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0457","article-title":"2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum","volume":"27","author":"Alexander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thyroid"},{"key":"R6-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4103\/trp.trp_24_18","article-title":"Trimester-specific reference ranges for thyroid function tests in South Indian women","volume":"15","author":"Rani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Thyroid Res Pract"},{"key":"R7-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.192903","article-title":"Trimester-specific reference interval for thyroid hormones during pregnancy at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana, India","volume":"20","author":"Rajput","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocr Metab"},{"key":"R8-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.176354","article-title":"Reference intervals in evaluation of maternal thyroid function of Manipuri women","volume":"20","author":"Jebasingh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocr Metab"},{"key":"R9-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s12291-013-0332-1","article-title":"Establishment of trimester-specific reference intervals of serum TSH and fT4 in a pregnant Indian population at North Kolkata","volume":"29","author":"Maji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Biochem"},{"key":"R10-20250827","first-page":"602","article-title":"Establishment of reference range for thyroid hormones in normal pregnant Indian women","volume":"115","author":"Marwaha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R11-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-0354.180192","article-title":"Trimester specific ranges for thyroid hormones in normal pregnancy","volume":"13","author":"Mankar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thyroid Res Pract"},{"key":"R12-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.IJEM_561_19","article-title":"Trimester-specific reference intervals for thyroid function parameters in Indian pregnant women during final phase of transition to iodine sufficiency","volume":"24","author":"Pramanik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Endocr Metab"},{"key":"R13-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.172239","article-title":"Trimester specific reference intervals for thyroid function tests in normal Indian pregnant women","volume":"20","author":"Sekhri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocr Metab"},{"key":"R14-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2014.236646","article-title":"Thyroid function in pregnancy:What is normal?","volume":"61","author":"Medici","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R15-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002046","article-title":"700:Methods for estimating the due date","volume":"129","author":"Committee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R16-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/46.4.529","article-title":"Simple microplate method for determination of urinary iodine","volume":"46","author":"Ohashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"R18-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8165","article-title":"Narrow individual variations in serum T (4) and T (3) in normal subjects:A clue to the understanding of subclinical thyroid disease","volume":"87","author":"Andersen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R19-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2543","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2803","article-title":"Management of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and postpartum:An Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"97","author":"De","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"R20-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.4158\/EP12280.GL","article-title":"Clinical practice guidelines for hypothyroidism in adults:Cosponsored by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association","volume":"18","author":"Garber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"R21-20250827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.036","article-title":"Development of gestationspecific reference intervals for thyroid hormones in normal pregnant northeast Chinese women:What is the rational division of gestation stages for establishing reference intervals for pregnancy women?","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Biochem"},{"key":"R22-20250827","first-page":"581","article-title":"Free thyroxine measured with equilibrium dialysis and nine immunoassays decreases in late pregnancy","volume":"50","author":"Sapin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Lab"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_78_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:24:12Z","timestamp":1787837052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_78_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijem.ijem_78_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2230-8210","2230-9500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2230-8210","type":"print"},{"value":"2230-9500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-20","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-10","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}