{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T04:22:34Z","timestamp":1751516554053,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"\n Background & objectives:<\/jats:title>\n Immunocompromised individuals mainly HIV infected patients are at a great risk for developing toxoplasmosis. The presence of toxoplasmosis among HIV-infected patients directly correlates with the prevalence of anti- Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> antibodies and the degree of immunosuppression (measured by CD4 counts). The data regarding the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients are scarce in India. Therefore, this study was initiated to find out the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in treatment-na\u00efve HIV seropositive patients and to determine its association with CD4 counts, if any.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Four hundred newly diagnosed antiretroviral therapy (ART) na\u00efve adult HIV positive patients coming for CD4 count estimation were tested for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> IgG antibodies. Risk factors for acquisition of toxoplasmosis as well as the age, gender and CD4 counts of the patient were noted down.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> IgG was positive in 292 (73%) patients, and the positivity was not related to their CD4 counts. The proportion of anti-Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> IgG positivity showed no significant association with age, gender and risk factors of the patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation & conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n In the absence of any specific vaccine or prophylaxis for toxoplasmosis, it is pertinent to screen all HIV-positive patients for Toxoplasma<\/jats:italic> IgG at diagnosis, irrespective of their CD4 counts, and sensitize them about the means to prevent either acquisition or activation of infection to avert the development of toxoplasmic encephalitis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_110_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T20:13:57Z","timestamp":1614975237000},"page":"515-518","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in newly diagnosed HIV seropositive patients"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Anuja","family":"Dutta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Preeti R.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nayana","family":"Ingole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-12-20241212","first-page":"29S","article-title":"Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in Switzerland: National study of seroprevalence monitored in pregnant women 1990-1991","volume":"65","author":"Jacquier","year":"1995","journal-title":"Schweiz Med Wochenschr Suppl"},{"key":"R2-12-20241212","first-page":"93","article-title":"A prospective study of seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in general population, and in HIV\/AIDS patients in Bombay, India","volume":"43","author":"Meisheri","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Postgrad 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(Auckl"},{"key":"R17-12-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/123858","article-title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and associated risk factors among people living with HIV at Gondar University Hospital Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"2013","author":"Muluye","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Trop Med"},{"key":"R18-12-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-15","article-title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia","volume":"6","author":"Walle","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"R19-12-20241212","first-page":"652941","article-title":"Latent Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors among HIV-infected individuals at Arba Minch hospital, South Ethiopia","volume":"2014","author":"Yohanes","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS Res Treat"},{"key":"R20-12-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.116143","article-title":"Anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibody detection in serum and urine samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in HIV-infected patients","volume":"56","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Pathol Microbiol"},{"key":"R21-12-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01691219","article-title":"High predictive value of Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibody levels in HIV-infected patients for diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis","volume":"15","author":"Hellerbrand","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical 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