{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T17:19:08Z","timestamp":1781284748579,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Pulmonary disease is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). The infection occurs with a unique spectrum of bacterial pathogens that are usually acquired in an age-dependent fashion. The objective of this study was to find out the aetiological agents in respiratory specimens from children with CF during pulmonary exacerbation and relate with demographic variables.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In this observational study, airway secretions from children (n=104) with CF presenting with pulmonary exacerbations were collected and tested for bacteria, fungi, mycobacteria and viral pathogens using appropriate laboratory techniques. The frequencies of isolation of various organisms were calculated and associated with various demographic profiles.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Bacteria were isolated in 37 (35.5%) and viral RNA in 27 (29.3%) children. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> was the most common bacteria grown in 31 (29.8%) followed by <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia cepacia<\/jats:italic> complex (Bcc) in three (2.8%) patients. Among viruses, Rhinovirus was the most common, identified in 16 (17.4%) samples followed by coronavirus in four (4.3%). Fungi and mycobacteria were isolated from 23 (22.1%) and four (3.8%) children, respectively. <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus flavus<\/jats:italic> was the most common fungus isolated in 13 (12.5%) children.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n                                 <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> was the most common organism isolated during exacerbation. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria were not isolated, whereas infection with Bcc and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> was observed, which could probably have a role in CF morbidity. Polymicrobial infections were associated with severe exacerbations.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1275_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T05:13:21Z","timestamp":1582607601000},"page":"65-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Aetiological agents for pulmonary exacerbations in children with cystic fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Balaji","family":"Arvind","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guruprasad R.","family":"Medigeshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arti","family":"Kapil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Immaculata","family":"Xess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urvashi","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakesh","family":"Lodha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushil Kumar","family":"Kabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-9-20241212","first-page":"185","article-title":"Fibrocystic disease of pancreas in India","volume":"5","author":"Mehta","year":"1968","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"R2-9-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2005.10.002","article-title":"Carrier frequency of F508del mutation of cystic fibrosis in Indian population","volume":"5","author":"Kapoor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cyst Fibros"},{"key":"R3-9-20241212","first-page":"11","article-title":"Cystic fibrosis lung infections: Polymicrobial, complex, and hard to treat","volume":"31","author":"Filkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"R4-9-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10241","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10241","article-title":"Lung microbiota across age and disease stage in cystic fibrosis","volume":"5","author":"Coburn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R5-9-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-015-0148-2","article-title":"Burkholderia cepacia complex: Clinical course in cystic fibrosis patients","volume":"15","author":"Folescu","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"R6-9-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201606-1107CI","article-title":"Early lung disease in infants and preschool children with cystic fibrosis. 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