{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T23:40:08Z","timestamp":1751499608380,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"\n Background & objectives:<\/jats:title>\n The clinical benefit of optimization (OPT) of atrioventricular delay (AVD) and interventricular delay (VVD) in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) remains debatable. This study was aimed to determine the influence of AVD and VVD OPT on selected parameters in patients early after CRT implantation and at mid-term follow up (FU).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Fifty two patients (61\u00b110 yr, 23 males) with left bundle branch block, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) \u226435 per cent and heart failure were selected for CRT implantation. Early on the second day (2DFU) after CRT implantation, the patients were assigned to the OPT or the factory setting (FS) group. Haemodynamic and electrical parameters were evaluated at baseline, on 2DFU after CRT and mid-term FU [three-month FU (3MFU)]. Echocardiographic measures were assessed before implantation and at 3MFU. The AVD\/VVD was deemed optimal for the highest cardiac output (CO) with impedance cardiography (ICG) monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n On 2DFU, the AVD was shorter in the OPT group, LV was paced earlier than in FS group and CO was insignificantly higher in OPT group. At 3MFU, improvement of CO was observed only in OPT patients, but the intergroup difference was not significant. At 3MFU in OPT group, reduction of LV in terms of LV end-diastolic diameter (LVeDD), LV end-systolic diameter, LV end-diastolic and systolic volume with the improvement in LVEF was observed. In FS group, only a reduction in LVeDD was present. In OPT group, the paced QRS duration was shorter than in FS group patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation & conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n CRT OPT of AVD and VVD with ICG was associated with a higher CO and better reverse LV remodelling. CO monitoring with ICG is a simple, non-invasive tool to optimize CRT devices.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1560_14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T10:26:35Z","timestamp":1511346395000},"page":"71-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Potential benefit of optimizing atrioventricular & interventricular delays in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Bozena","family":"Urbanek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Kaczmarek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Artur","family":"Klimczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Ruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Chudzik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Piestrzeniewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawel","family":"Ptaszynski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jerzy Krzysztof","family":"Wranicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn380","article-title":"How should we optimize cardiac resynchronization therapy?","volume":"29","author":"Stanton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R2-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v46","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eup275","article-title":"Why, how and when do we need to optimize the setting of cardiac resynchronization therapy?","volume":"11","author":"Bertini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"R3-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2006.00402.x","article-title":"Atrioventricular delay optimization by doppler-derived left ventricular dP\/dt improves 6-month outcome of resynchronized patients","volume":"29","author":"Morales","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R4-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.08.019","article-title":"Randomized comparison of simultaneous biventricular stimulation versus optimized interventricular delay in cardiac resynchronization therapy. The Resynchronization for the HemodYnamic Treatment for Heart Failure Management II implantable cardioverter defibrillator (RHYTHM II ICD) study","volume":"151","author":"Boriani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"R5-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.634444","article-title":"Reduced ventricular volumes and improved systolic function with cardiac resynchronization therapy: A randomized trial comparing simultaneous biventricular pacing, sequential biventricular pacing, and left ventricular pacing","volume":"115","author":"Rao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R6-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2012.07.026","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial comparing simultaneous versus optimized sequential interventricular stimulation during cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"164","author":"Abraham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"R7-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euq392","article-title":"2010 focused update of ESC guidelines on device therapy in heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Vardas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"R8-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm305","article-title":"Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: The Task Force for Cardiac Pacing and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association","volume":"28","author":"Vardas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"R10-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.033","article-title":"Right atrial pacing impairs cardiac function during resynchronization therapy: Acute effects of DDD pacing compared to VDD pacing","volume":"45","author":"Bernheim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R11-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2011.03172.x","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization using noninvasive cardiac output measurement","volume":"34","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R12-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eup358","article-title":"Non-invasive cardiac output measurements based on bioreactance for optimization of atrio- and interventricular delays","volume":"11","author":"Khan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"R13-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1993.tb01736.x","article-title":"Impedance cardiography for cardiac output estimation in pacemaker patients: Review of the literature","volume":"16","author":"Ovsyshcher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R14-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)90157-8","article-title":"Variability of cardiac output as determined by impedance cardiography in pacemaker patients","volume":"72","author":"Ovsyshcher","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"R15-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euje.2005.12.014","article-title":"Recommendations for chamber quantification","volume":"7","author":"Lang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiography"},{"key":"R16-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S236","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2008.02294.x","article-title":"Optimization of AV and VV delays in the real-world CRT patient population: An international survey on current clinical practice","volume":"32","author":"Gras","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R17-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000034512.90874.8E","article-title":"Sequential versus simultaneous biventricular resynchronization for severe heart failure: Evaluation by tissue Doppler imaging","volume":"106","author":"Sogaard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"R18-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-9842(02)00204-0","article-title":"Simultaneous vs.sequential biventricular pacing in dilated cardiomyopathy: An acute hemodynamic study","volume":"5","author":"Perego","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"R19-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.08.065","article-title":"Echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony validation in patients with heart failure using sequential biventricular pacing","volume":"44","author":"Bordachar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R20-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.900076","article-title":"Measurement precision in the optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"3","author":"Turcott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"R21-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eum086","article-title":"Impedance cardiography: A useful and reliable tool in optimization of cardiac resynchronization devices","volume":"9","author":"Heinroth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"R22-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.08.032","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization with sequential biventricular pacing for the treatment of moderate-to-severe heart failure","volume":"46","author":"Le\u00f3n","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"R23-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.07.016","article-title":"Tailored echocardiographic interventricular delay programming further optimizes left ventricular performance after cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"2","author":"Vanderheyden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"R24-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eut034","article-title":"Association between frequent cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization and long-term clinical response: A post hoc analysis of the Clinical Evaluation on Advanced Resynchronization (CLEAR) pilot study","volume":"15","author":"Delnoy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"R25-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eus170","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy beyond nominal settings: Who needs individual programming of the atrioventricular and interventricular delay?","volume":"14","author":"Bogaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"R26-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2001.01780.x","article-title":"The effect of variation in the interval between right and left ventricular activation on paced QRS duration","volume":"24","author":"O\u2019Cochlain","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"R27-11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.08.030","article-title":"Clinical versus echocardiographic parameters to assess response to cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"97","author":"Bleeker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/02223309-201746010-00011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T22:59:08Z","timestamp":1751497148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/potential-benefit-of-optimizing-atrioventricular-interventricular-delays-in-patients-with-cardiac-resynchronization-therapy\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1560_14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-5916"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0971-5916"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]}}}