{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T05:55:56Z","timestamp":1793944556771,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"\n \n Lower respiratory tract infections are considered a common cause responsible for morbidity and mortality among children, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is identified to be responsible for up to 40 per cent of community-acquired pneumonia in children greater than five years of age. Extrapulmonary manifestations have been reported either due to spread of infection or autoimmune mechanisms. Infection by M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> has high incidence and clinical importance but is still an underrated disease. Most widely used serologic methods are enzyme immunoassays for detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG and IgA antibodies to M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, though other methods such as particle agglutination assays and immunofluorescence methods are also used. Detection of M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> by nucleic acid amplification techniques provides fast, sensitive and specific results. Utilization of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has improved the diagnosis of M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infections. Besides PCR, other alternative amplification techniques include (i) nucleic acid sequence-based amplification, (ii) Q\u03b2 replicase amplification, (iii) strand displacement amplification, (iv) transcription-mediated amplification, and (v) ligase chain reaction. Macrolides are used as the first-line treatment in childhood for M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infections; however, emergence of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is a cause of concern. Development of a safe vaccine is important that gives protective immunity and would be a major step in reducing M. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1582_16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T05:47:37Z","timestamp":1525758457000},"page":"23-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Mycoplasma pneumoniae"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Surinder","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.4103\/0377-4929.91501","article-title":"Detection of IgM and IgG antibodies to Chlamydophila pneumoniae in pediatric community-acquired lower respiratory tract 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