{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T02:24:25Z","timestamp":1781576665807,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background & objectives:<\/jats:title>\n Gestational or preexisting diabetes is one of the risk factors of pre-eclampsia. Both are responsible for higher maternal and fetal complications. The objective was to study clinical risk factors of pre-eclampsia and biochemical markers in early pregnancy of women with diabetes mellitus (DM)\/gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) for the development of pre-eclampsia.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The study group comprised pregnant women diagnosed with GDM before the 20 wk of gestation and DM before pregnancy and the control group had age-, parity- and period of gestation-matched healthy women. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the polymorphism of these genes was evaluated at recruitment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Out of 2050 pregnant women, 316 (15.41%) women (296 had GDM and 20 DM before pregnancy) were included in the study group. Of these, 96 women (30.38%) in the study group and 44 (13.92%) controls developed pre-eclampsia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated those who belonged to the upper middle and upper class of socio-economic status (SES) were likely to be at 4.50 and 6.10 times higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia. The risk of getting pre-eclampsia among those who had DM before pregnancy and pre-eclampsia in their previous pregnancy was about 2.34 and 4.56 times higher compared to those who had no such events, respectively. The serum biomarkers [SHBG, IGF-I and 25(OH)D] were not found to be useful in predicting pre-eclampsia in women with GDM. To predict risk of development of pre-eclampsia, the fitted risk model by backward elimination procedure was used to calculate a risk score for each patient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for pre-eclampsia showed that area under the curve was 0.68 (95% confidence interval: 0.63-0.73); P<\/jats:italic><0.001.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation & conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The findings of this study suggested that pregnant women with diabetes were at a higher risk for pre-eclampsia. SES, history of pre-eclampsia in previous pregnancy and pre-GDM were found to be the risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1594_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T06:59:14Z","timestamp":1713250754000},"page":"330-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prediction of pre-eclampsia in diabetic pregnant women"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"157","author":[{"given":"Ashok","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Maulana Azad Medical College & Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Perumal","family":"Vanamail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 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