{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:26:15Z","timestamp":1793327175736,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the prominent cause of mortality and morbidity with important clinical impact across the globe. India accounts for 23 per cent of global pneumonia burden with case fatality rates between 14 and 30 per cent, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      is considered a major bacterial aetiology. Emerging pathogens like\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Burkholderia pseudomallei<\/jats:italic>\n                      is increasingly recognized as an important cause of CAP in Southeast Asian countries. Initial management in the primary care depends on clinical assessment while the hospitalized patients require combinations of clinical scores, chest radiography and various microbiological and biomarker assays. This comprehensive diagnostic approach together with additional sampling and molecular tests in selected high-risk patients should be practiced. Inappropriate therapy in CAP in hospitalized patients lengthens hospital stay and increases cost and mortality. In addition, emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms poses tough challenges in deciding empirical as well as definitive therapy. Developing local evidence on the cause and management should be a priority to improve health outcomes in CAP.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1678_19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,12]],"date-time":"2020-05-12T05:00:59Z","timestamp":1589259659000},"page":"287-302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"151","author":[{"given":"Vandana Kalwaje","family":"Eshwara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiranjay","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Rello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R2-7-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix647","article-title":"Adults hospitalized with pneumonia in the United States: Incidence, epidemiology, and mortality","volume":"65","author":"Ramirez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R3-7-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3947\/ic.2018.50.4.287","article-title":"Disease burden and etiologic distribution of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: Evolving epidemiology in the era of pneumococcal conjugate 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