{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T09:45:38Z","timestamp":1782812738691,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic> assays for susceptibility of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> to antimalarial drugs are important tools for monitoring drug resistance. During the present study, efforts were made to establish long-term continuous <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic> culture of Indian field isolates of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> and to determine their sensitivity to standard antimalarial drugs and antibiotics.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Four (MZR-I, -II, -III and -IV) <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> isolates were obtained from four patients who showed artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) from Mizoram, a north-eastern State of India, and characterized for their <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic> susceptibility to chloroquine diphosphate (CQ), quinine hydrochloride dehydrate, mefloquine, piperaquine, artemether, arteether, dihydro-artemisinin (DHA), lumefantrine and atovaquone and antibiotics, azithromycin and doxycycline. These patients showed ACT treatment failure. Two-fold serial dilutions of each drug were tested and the effect was evaluated using the malaria SYBR Green I fluorescence assay. K1 (chloroquine-resistant) and 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive) reference strains were used as controls.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Growth profile of all field isolates was identical to that of reference parasites. The IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values of all the drugs were also similar against field isolates and reference parasite strains, except K1, exhibited high IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> value (275\u00b112.5 nM) of CQ for which it was resistant. All field isolates exhibited higher IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values of CQ, quinine hydrochloride dihydrate and DHA compared to reference strains. The resistance index of field isolates with respect to 3D7 ranged between 260.55 and 403.78 to CQ, 39.83 and 46.42 to quinine, and 2.98 and 4.16 to DHA, and with respect to K1 strain ranged between 6.51 and 10.08, 39.26 and 45.75, and 2.65 and 3.71. MZR-I isolate exhibited highest resistance index.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>As the increase in IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> and IC<jats:sub>90<\/jats:sub> values of DHA against field isolates of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. falciparum<\/jats:italic> was not significant, the tolerance to DHA-piperaquine (PPQ) combination might be because of PPQ only. Further study is required on more number of such isolates to generate data for a meaningful conclusion.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1688_15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T19:12:39Z","timestamp":1734635559000},"page":"622-628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["In vitro susceptibility of Indian Plasmodium falciparum isolates to different antimalarial drugs &amp; antibiotics"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Pooja","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. R.","family":"Anvikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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