{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T15:48:46Z","timestamp":1792511326886,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use has many oral effects including oral cancer, leukoplakia and erythroplakia, oral submucous fibrosis (if mixed with areca nut), loss of periodontal support (recession) and staining of teeth and composite restorations. This review was aimed to provide information to identify oral lesions that occur due to the use of smokeless tobacco so that effective interventions can be undertaken to reduce morbidity and mortality from the use of SLT.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1793_17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T14:39:17Z","timestamp":1537886357000},"page":"35-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Oral health consequences of smokeless tobacco use"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Arvind","family":"Muthukrishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saman","family":"Warnakulasuriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R2-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200802412937","article-title":"Surveillance of moist snuff: Total nicotine, moisture, pH, un-ionized nicotine, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines","volume":"10","author":"Richter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"R3-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20966","article-title":"Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in smokeless tobacco products marketed in India","volume":"116","author":"Stepanov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R4-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0355-y","article-title":"Correlation of arsenic levels in smokeless tobacco products and biological samples of oral cancer patients and control consumers","volume":"168","author":"Arain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"R7-6-20241212","first-page":"22","article-title":"The oral effects of smokeless tobacco","volume":"66","author":"Walsh","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R10-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28643","article-title":"Betel quid chewing and the risk of oral and oropharyngeal cancers: a meta-analysis with implications for cancer control","volume":"135","author":"Guha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R11-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-010-0222-0","article-title":"Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity: A clinico-pathologic appraisal of 133 cases in Indians","volume":"14","author":"Rekha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R12-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2008.03.014","article-title":"Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity: A clinical and pathological study of 101 cases","volume":"45","author":"Walvekar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"R13-6-20241212","first-page":"23","article-title":"Oral mucosal lesions associated with tobacco and betel-chewing habits: A napalese experience","volume":"18","author":"Shrestha","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dent J Malays"},{"key":"R15-6-20241212","first-page":"194","article-title":"Oral mucosal findings associated with chewing tobacco in Sweden - 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