{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T13:38:12Z","timestamp":1789220292784,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant, <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> species have become a major clinical and public health concern. The aim of this study was to characterize phenotypic and genotypic profile of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> spp. isolated from hospitalized patients.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A total of 126 consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> spp. isolated from various clinical samples were included in the study over a period of two years. Identification and antimicrobial sensitivity was performed using automated culture system according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBLs), Amp-C \u03b2-lactamase (AmpC) and metallo-\u03b2-lactamases (MBLs) were done by various combinations of disc-diffusion and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E<\/jats:italic>-test methods, followed by polymerase chain reaction-based detection of \u03b2-lactamase-encoding genes.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among 126 clinical isolates, 121 (96.1%) isolates were identified as <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>. Most of the isolates were recovered from pus sample, 35 (27.8%) followed by urine, 25 (19.84%); endotracheal aspirate, 24 (19.04%); blood, 14 (11.11%) and sputum, four (3.17%). The highest rate of resistance was against ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, 113 (89.7%) followed by meropenem, 92 (72.5%) and ceftazidime, 91 (72.3%). Overall, ESBLs, AmpC and carbapenemase production was detected in 109 (96.4%), 64 (50.8%) and 105 (94.6%) isolates by phenotypic methods. The most prevalent ESBL gene was <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                                 <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub> in 72 (57.1%) and the least prevalent was <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                                 <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub> in 19 (15.1%) isolates. AmpC gene was seen less compared to ESBL gene. The most prevalent carbapenemases gene was <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                                 <jats:sub>NDM-1<\/jats:sub> 41 (46.06%) followed by <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                                 <jats:sub>VIM<\/jats:sub> and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                                 <jats:sub>OXA-1<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our findings suggested that a high rate of ESBLs and carbapenemases production was observed in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> spp. Therefore, phenotypic and genotypic detection of AMR needs to be combined for better characterization of resistance patterns in <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> spp.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_1_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T07:30:52Z","timestamp":1559547052000},"page":"216-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Phenotypic &amp; genotypic profile of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas species in hospitalized patients"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Vijeta","family":"Bajpai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Govindaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surbhi","family":"Khurana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyam","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjana","family":"Aravinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omika","family":"Katoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahmi","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purva","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.6.4.428","article-title":"An overview of nosocomial infections, including the role of the microbiology laboratory","volume":"6","author":"Emori","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"R2-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.4.e39","article-title":"Nosocomial infections in pediatric Intensive Care Units in the United States. 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