{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T02:13:03Z","timestamp":1792807983083,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"\n Background & objectives:<\/jats:title>\n The World Health Organization (WHO) document released on the World No Tobacco Day, 2020, mentions that tobacco kills over 22,000 people worldwide every day either from its use or second-hand smoke exposure, which is one person every 4 sec. In 2003, the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) was enacted by the Indian government to control\/regulate use of tobacco and tobacco products. Despite various amendments to this law, there has not been any appreciable decrease in tobacco use. The objective of this study was to assess the compliance level with sections 4-10 of COTPA in urban Puducherry in South India.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Random sample survey of 13 wards was carried out in selected parts of the city of Puducherry. The estimated sample size was minimum 160 public places and point of sales (PoS) each. A pre-tested checklist was used to obtain information on compliance with COTPA. Statistical and spatial analysis was performed using STATA v12.0 and QGIS v2.14.21, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Eight per cent of public places, 0 per cent of PoS, 1.7 per cent of educational institutions and 48 per cent of tobacco packages were found compliant with COTPA specifications. The compliance in public places varied from 0 (bus stops) to 55 per cent (religious places).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation & conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The overall compliance with COTPA was found to be very low in urban Puducherry. In order to ensure proper implementation of the laws, effective enforcement with periodic monitoring of various sections of COTPA are needed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_2376_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T07:05:07Z","timestamp":1713251107000},"page":"508-515","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["COTPA implementation status: An observational study in South Indian city"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Surbhi","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Community Medicine & School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India"},{"name":"JIPMER International School of Public Health, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Palanivel","family":"Chinnakali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bijaya Nanda","family":"Naik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"},{"name":"Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sitanshu Sekhar","family":"Kar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntaa154","article-title":"Economic costs of diseases and deaths attributable to tobacco use in India, 2017-2018","volume":"23","author":"John","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"R8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e52206","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052206","article-title":"Impact of tobacco-related health warning labels across socioeconomic, race and ethnic groups:Results from a randomized web-based experiment","volume":"8","author":"Cantrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R9-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4103\/2224-3151.115843","article-title":"Assessing compliance to smoke-free legislation:Results of a sub-national survey in Himachal Pradesh, India","volume":"2","author":"Kumar","year":"2013","journal-title":"WHO South East Asia J Public Health"},{"key":"R10-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-557X.184540","article-title":"Compliance assessment of cigarette and other tobacco products act in public places of Alwar district of Rajasthan","volume":"60","author":"Jain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health"},{"key":"R11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1093\/ntr\/ntv263","article-title":"A two-wave observational study of compliance with youth access and tobacco advertising provisions of the cigarettes and other tobacco products act in India","volume":"18","author":"Mead","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"R12-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_239_16","article-title":"Compliance of specific provisions of tobacco control law around educational institutions in Delhi, India","volume":"8","author":"Yadav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"R13-20241212","first-page":"539","article-title":"Insights into pictorial health warnings on tobacco product packages marketed in Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"11","author":"Aruna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"R15-20241212","first-page":"16","year":"2014","journal-title":"Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. Assessing compliance with smoke free laws: A \u201chow to\u201d guide for conducting compliance studies, 2nd ed"},{"key":"R20-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-557X.195858","article-title":"Descriptive evaluation of cigarettes and other tobacco products act in a North Indian city","volume":"60","author":"Goel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health"},{"key":"R21-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2012-050673","article-title":"Effective smoke-free policies in achieving a high level of compliance with smoke-free law:experiences from a district of North India","volume":"23","author":"Goel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"R22-20241212","first-page":"76","article-title":"Monitoring smoke-free laws in restaurants and educational institutions in Chennai, India","volume":"27","author":"Kaur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"key":"R24-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10637","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.24.10637","article-title":"How compliant are tobacco vendors to India's tobacco control legislation on Ban of advertisments at point of sale?A three jurisdictions review","volume":"15","author":"Goel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"R25-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3056-3","article-title":"Moving towards a new vision:Implementation of a public health policy intervention","volume":"16","author":"Valaitis","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R27-20241212","first-page":"374","article-title":"Compliance assessment of tobacco vendors ofAhmedabad city to India's Tobacco control legislation","volume":"28","author":"Govil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Comm Health"},{"key":"R28-20241212","first-page":"563","article-title":"Compliance with Tobacco Promotion and Sale Laws in School Neighbourhoods in India","volume":"18","author":"Balappanavar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"R29-20241212","first-page":"116","article-title":"How effective is tobacco control enforcement to protect minors:Results from subnational surveys across four districts in India","volume":"1","author":"Goel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Noncommunicable Dis India"},{"key":"R31-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2018-054665","article-title":"Compliance with packaging and labelling rules for tobacco products marketed in slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India","volume":"28","author":"Panigrahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tob Control"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_2376_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T23:05:29Z","timestamp":1751497529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/cotpa-implementation-status-an-observational-study-in-south-indian-city\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_2376_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-5916","0975-9174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-5916","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-9174","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-04","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}