{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:55:17Z","timestamp":1791352517959,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis in humans. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a safe, sensitive, specific, and affordable diagnostic tool that can be used during screening of large-scale epidemiological investigations. Development and evaluation of IgM and IgG ELISA for screening serum samples of NiV suspected cases would also help in planning public health interventions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>An IgM capture (MAC) ELISA and an indirect IgG ELISA were developed using NiV antigen to detect IgM and IgG antibodies against NiV in human sera. The sensitivity, specificity, and cross-reactivity of the assays were evaluated using NiV IgM, IgG positive, negative human sera and measles, mumps, rubella, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, Kyasanur forest disease IgM, IgG positive sera, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The developed anti-NiV IgM and IgG ELISAs have shown specificity of 99.28 per cent and sensitivity of 100 per cent compared to reference test from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. Assays demonstrated negative predictive value of 100 per cent and positive predictive value as 90 and 93.94 per cent for anti-Nipah IgM ELISA and IgG ELISA respectively with test accuracy of 99.33 per cent.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Timely diagnosis of NiV is crucial for the management of cases, which could prevent further spread of infection in the community. IgM ELISA can be used as primary diagnostic tool followed by polymerase chain reaction. These assays have advantages of its applicability during outbreak investigations and surveillance activities at hospital or onsite laboratories with basic biosafety practices.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_2737_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,12]],"date-time":"2022-12-12T05:54:42Z","timestamp":1670824482000},"page":"429-434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Development of Nipah virus-specific IgM &amp; IgG ELISA for screening human serum samples"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"156","author":[{"given":"Anita M.","family":"Shete","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maximum Containment Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajlaxmi","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maximum Containment Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreelekshmy","family":"Mohandas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maximum Containment Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prachi","family":"Pardeshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maximum Containment Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pragya D.","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maximum Containment Facility, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nivedita","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit, Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devendra","family":"Mourya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Unit, Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.07.011","article-title":"The pandemic potential of Nipah virus","volume":"100","author":"Luby","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"R3-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5470.1432","article-title":"Nipah virus:A recently emergent deadly paramyxovirus","volume":"288","author":"Chua","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R4-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200004273421701","article-title":"Clinical features of Nipah virus encephalitis among pig farmers in Malaysia","volume":"342","author":"Goh","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R5-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1012.040701","article-title":"Nipah virus encephalitis reemergence, Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"Hsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1202.051247","article-title":"Nipah virus-associated encephalitis outbreak, Siliguri, India","volume":"12","author":"Chadha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerg Infect 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2018","volume":"219","author":"Arunkumar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R11-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2505.181076","article-title":"Nipah virus sequences from humans and bats during Nipah outbreak, Kerala, India,","volume":"25","author":"Yadav","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R12-20241212","first-page":"212","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nipah virus (NiV) Infection"},{"key":"R13-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29190","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2000429117","article-title":"Nipah virus dynamics in bats and implications for spillover to humans","volume":"117","author":"Epstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"R14-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818545","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.818545","article-title":"Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala State, India amidst of COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"10","author":"Yadav","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"R15-20241212","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Health Organization. Nipah research and development (R&D) roadmap"},{"key":"R16-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.46.3.280","article-title":"Adjuvants and antibody production:Dispelling the myths associated with Freund's complete and other adjuvants","volume":"46","author":"Stills","year":"2005","journal-title":"ILAR J"},{"key":"R17-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1929_17","article-title":"Kinetics of viral RNA, immunoglobulin-M &G antibodies in Kyasanur forest disease","volume":"150","author":"Yadav","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R18-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_2232_20","article-title":"Development of indigenous IgG ELISA for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG","volume":"151","author":"Sapkal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R19-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.004","article-title":"The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak:What we know","volume":"94","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R21-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_4717_20","article-title":"Standardization &validation of Truenat\u2122point-of-care test for rapid diagnosis of Nipah","volume":"154","author":"Yadav","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R23-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01382-X","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of Nipah and Hendra virus infections","volume":"3","author":"Daniels","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"R24-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_4388_20","article-title":"Antibody response in symptomatic &asymptomatic Nipah virus cases from Kerala, India","volume":"154","author":"Shete","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_2737_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T23:05:26Z","timestamp":1751497526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/development-of-nipah-virus-specific-igm-igg-elisa-for-screening-human-serum-samples\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_2737_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-5916","0975-9174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-5916","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-9174","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-09-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}