{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T08:53:21Z","timestamp":1792572801705,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Emergence and re-emergence of several pathogens have been witnessed by this century in the form of outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics. In India, the influencing factor that promotes dissemination of emerging and re-emerging viral infections is the biogeographical zones: a megadiverse country, characterized by varied geographical, climatic conditions and ever-changing socio-economical and geopolitical issues. These influence the movement of humans and animals and add layers of complexity for the identification and timely management of infectious diseases. This review focuses on two tick-borne infections: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and Kyasanur forest disease (KFD). In the last two decades, these viruses have emerged and caused outbreaks in different parts of India. KFD virus was initially identified in 1957 and was known to be endemic in Karnataka State while CCHF virus was first identified during 2010 in Gujarat State, India. These viruses have managed to emerge in new areas within the last decade. With changing epidemiology of these arboviruses, there is a probability of the emergence of these viruses from new areas in future. The investigations on these two diseases under the One Health focus involved early detection, quickly developing diagnostic tools, identifying stakeholders, capacity building by developing collaboration with major stakeholders to understand the epidemiology and geographical spread in domestic animal reservoirs and tick vectors in the affected areas, developing laboratory network, providing diagnostic reagents and biosafety and laboratory diagnosis training to the network laboratories to control these diseases.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_532_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,6]],"date-time":"2021-12-06T06:43:27Z","timestamp":1638773007000},"page":"339-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Experiences of Indian Council of Medical Research with tick-borne zoonotic infections"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"Devendra T.","family":"Mourya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pragya D.","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak Y.","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima R.","family":"Sahay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manju","family":"Rahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R1-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1239_18","article-title":"Emerging\/re-emerging viral diseases & new viruses on the Indian horizon","volume":"149","author":"Mourya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R2-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.495","article-title":"Kyasanur forest disease: an epidemiological view in India","volume":"16","author":"Pattnaik","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"R4-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/2224-3151.206890","article-title":"Highly infectious tick-borne viral diseases: Kyasanur forest disease and Crimean\u2013Congo haemorrhagic fever in India","volume":"3","author":"Mourya","year":"2014","journal-title":"WHO South East Asia J Public Health"},{"key":"R5-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2012.07.019","article-title":"Diagnosis of Kyasanur forest disease by nested RT-PCR, real-time RT-PCR and IgM capture ELISA","volume":"186","author":"Mourya","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"R6-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_688_17","article-title":"Clinical & epidemiological significance of Kyasanur forest disease","volume":"148","author":"Munivenkatappa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R7-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-015-0066-9","article-title":"On the transmission pattern of Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) in India","volume":"4","author":"Murhekar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"R8-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1909.121884","article-title":"Spread of Kyasanur Forest Disease, Bandipur Tiger Reserve, India, 2012\u20132013","volume":"19","author":"Mourya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R9-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.05.013","article-title":"Outbreak of Kyasanur Forest disease in Thirthahalli, Karnataka, India, 2014","volume":"26","author":"Yadav","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R10-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2101.141227","article-title":"Kyasanur Forest disease outbreak and vaccination strategy, Shimoga District, India, 2013-2014","volume":"21","author":"Kiran","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R11-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-015-0044-2","article-title":"New focus of Kyasanur Forest disease virus activity in a tribal area in Kerala, India, 2014","volume":"4","author":"Tandale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"R12-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2017.2129","article-title":"Kyasanur Forest disease prevalence in Western Ghats proven and confirmed by recent outbreak in Maharashtra, India, 2016","volume":"18","author":"Gurav","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"R13-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.06.004","article-title":"Occupational exposure of cashew nut workers to Kyasanur Forest disease in Goa, India","volume":"61","author":"Patil","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R14-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-58242-w","article-title":"Phylogeography of Kyasanur forest disease virus in India (1957-2017) reveals evolution and spread in the Western Ghats region","volume":"10","author":"Yadav","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R15-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1653","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001653","article-title":"Detection, isolation and confirmation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in human, ticks and animals in Ahmadabad, India, 2010-2011","volume":"6","author":"Mourya","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"R16-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.09.019","article-title":"Emergence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Amreli District of Gujarat State, India, June to July 2013","volume":"18","author":"Yadav","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R17-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2014.1586","article-title":"Serosurvey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in domestic animals, Gujarat, India, 2013","volume":"14","author":"Mourya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"R18-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.169221","article-title":"First confirmed case of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever from Sirohi district in Rajasthan State, India","volume":"142","author":"Makwana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R19-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1971-7","article-title":"Nosocomial infection of CCHF among health care workers in Rajasthan, India","volume":"16","author":"Yadav","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R20-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2110.141961","article-title":"Cross-sectional serosurvey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus IgG in livestock, India, 2013\u20132014","volume":"21","author":"Mourya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R21-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2306.161950","article-title":"Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in migrant worker returning from Oman to India, 2016","volume":"23","author":"Yadav","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"R24-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.11.019","article-title":"Second international conference on Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever","volume":"150","author":"Spengler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"R25-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz328","article-title":"Identification of the crucial parameters regarding the efficacy of ribavirin therapy in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Arab-Bafrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"R27-15-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2018.08.012","article-title":"Complete genome sequencing of Kaisodi virus isolated from ticks in India belonging to Phlebovirus genus, family Phenuiviridae","volume":"10","author":"Yadav","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ticks Tick-Borne Dis"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_532_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T23:03:46Z","timestamp":1751497426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/experiences-of-indian-council-of-medical-research-with-tick-borne-zoonotic-infections-kyasanur-forest-disease-crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever-in-india-with-one-health-focus\/"}},"subtitle":["Kyasanur Forest disease &amp; Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in India with One Health focus"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_532_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-5916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-5916","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}}}