{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:23:18Z","timestamp":1792790598237,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title\/>\n            <jats:p>Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is caused by <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (rarely <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic> and\/or atypical mycobacteria) being usually secondary to TB of the lungs or other organs with infection reaching through haematogenous, lymphatic route or direct spread from abdominal TB. In FGTB, fallopian tubes are affected in 90 per cent women, whereas uterine endometrium is affected in 70 per cent and ovaries in about 25 per cent women. It causes menstrual dysfunction and infertility through the damage of genital organs. Some cases may be asymptomatic. Diagnosis is often made from proper history taking, meticulous clinical examination and judicious use of investigations, especially endometrial aspirate (or biopsy) and endoscopy. Treatment is through multi-drug antitubercular treatment for adequate time period (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol daily for 60 days followed by rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol daily for 120 days). Treatment is given for 18-24 months using the second-line drugs for drug-resistant (DR) cases. With the advent of increased access to rapid diagnostics and newer drugs, the management protocol is moving towards achieving universal drug sensitivity testing and treatment with injection-free regimens containing newer drugs, especially for new and previously treated DR cases.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_648_18","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T19:20:12Z","timestamp":1734636012000},"page":"S71-S83","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Female genital tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"148","author":[{"given":"Jai Bhagwan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshani","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sona","family":"Dharmendra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R4-8-20241212","first-page":"34","article-title":"[De Sedibus et Causis meorboram]","volume":"30","author":"Morgagni","year":"1744","journal-title":"Epistola"},{"key":"R5-8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.2298\/VSP0712855P","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis - a disease seen again in Europe","volume":"64","author":"Pesut","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vojnosanit Pregl"},{"key":"R6-8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_1550_15","article-title":"Genital tuberculosis in females","volume":"145","author":"Grace","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R7-8-20241212","first-page":"1761","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: An ov erview","volume":"72","author":"Golden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"R9-8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2011.568523","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis: A review","volume":"43","author":"Neonakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R10-8-20241212","first-page":"395","article-title":"Tuberculosis and obstetric and gynecological practice","volume":"18","author":"Sharma","year":"2008"},{"key":"R11-8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-015-0780-z","article-title":"Current diagnosis and management of female genital tuberculosis","volume":"65","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol India"},{"key":"R12-8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-197603000-00016","article-title":"Female genital tuberculosis","volume":"19","author":"Schaefer","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R13-8-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(80)91090-X","article-title":"Genital tuberculosis in women. 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