{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:27:31Z","timestamp":1792715251233,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the world. To eliminate cervical cancer by 2030, the World Health Organization has given the target of 70 per cent coverage of twice lifetime screening. A multitude of screening methods are available, including cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing and visual inspection tests. Precision tests, including molecular and protein biomarkers such as DNA methylation, p16 immunostaining, and HPV mRNA testing help to enhance specificity of the screening. Worldwide HPV DNA testing with or without cytology is used as a screening method of choice, while in resource-poor settings, visual inspection tests are recommended. The major hurdle is a uniform and systematic implementation with a recall method in the population. Besides, controversies still exist regarding strategies to manage HPV-positive women and developing guidelines to screen the vaccinated population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_857_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T05:34:25Z","timestamp":1638423265000},"page":"210-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Screening for cervical cancer"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"154","author":[{"given":"Shalini","family":"Rajaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bindiya","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","reference":[{"key":"R2-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(19)30072-5","article-title":"Global elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem","volume":"20","author":"Brisson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R3-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30157-4","article-title":"Mortality impact of achieving WHO cervical cancer elimination targets:A comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries","volume":"395","author":"Canfell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R4-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30068-4","article-title":"Impact of HPV vaccination and cervical screening on cervical cancer elimination:A comparative modelling analysis in 78 low-income and lower-middle-income countries","volume":"395","author":"Brisson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R5-6-20241212","first-page":"CD008587","article-title":"Cytology versus HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in the general population","volume":"8","author":"Koliopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"R6-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2016.10.031","article-title":"Triaging HPV-positive women with p16\/Ki-67 dual-stained cytology:Results from a sub-study nested into the ATHENA trial","volume":"144","author":"Wright","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"R7-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21807","article-title":"Clinical value of fully automated p16\/Ki-67 dual staining in the triage of HPV-positive women in the Norwegian cervical cancer screening program","volume":"125","author":"Ovestad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"key":"R8-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.03.033","article-title":"Commercially available molecular tests for human papillomavirus:A global overview","volume":"26","author":"Poljak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"R9-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000109426.82624.f8","article-title":"Interim guidance for the use of human papillomavirus DNA testing as an adjunct to cervical cytology for screening","volume":"103","author":"Wright","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R10-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2210","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00883-14","article-title":"Clinical performance of Roche Cobas 4800 HPV test","volume":"52","author":"Cui","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R11-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.07.024","article-title":"Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the accuracy of HPV tests, visual inspection with acetic acid, cytology, and colposcopy","volume":"132","author":"Mustafa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R12-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2456","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30385","article-title":"Human papillomavirus testing versus cytology in primary cervical cancer screening:End-of-study and extended follow-up results from the Canadian cervical cancer screening trial","volume":"139","author":"Isidean","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R13-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPZ5JY6FCVNMOT","article-title":"High-risk human papillomavirus testing in women with ASC-US cytology:Results from the ATHENA HPV study","volume":"135","author":"Stoler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R14-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70145-0","article-title":"Cervical cancer risk for women undergoing concurrent testing for human papillomavirus and cervical cytology:A population-based study in routine clinical practice","volume":"12","author":"Katki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R15-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62218-7","article-title":"Efficacy of HPV-based screening for prevention of invasive cervical cancer:Follow-up of four European randomised controlled trials","volume":"383","author":"Ronco","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R16-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24410","article-title":"Screening and adenocarcinoma of the cervix","volume":"125","author":"Sasieni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R17-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(09)70360-2","article-title":"Efficacy of human papillomavirus testing for the detection of invasive cervical cancers and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia:A randomised controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Ronco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R18-6-20241212","first-page":"597","article-title":"Emerging role of HPV self-sampling in cervical cancer screening for hard-to-reach women:Focused literature review","volume":"63","author":"Madzima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"R19-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001351","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2018-001351","article-title":"Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Yeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"key":"R20-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30763-0","article-title":"Performance of human papillomavirus testing on self-collected versus clinician-collected samples for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse:A randomised, paired screen-positive, non-inferiority trial","volume":"20","author":"Polman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R21-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13112","article-title":"A systematic review of self-sampling for HPV testing in Africa","volume":"149","author":"Nodjikouambaye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R22-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2009.10.013","article-title":"Can human papillomavirus DNA testing of self-collected vaginal samples compare with physician-collected cervical samples and cytology for cervical cancer screening in developing countries?","volume":"33","author":"Bhatla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"R23-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa071430","article-title":"Human papillomavirus DNA versus papanicolaou screening tests for cervical cancer","volume":"357","author":"Mayrand","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R24-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2011.01.008","article-title":"A comparison of HPV DNA testing and liquid based cytology over three rounds of primary cervical screening:Extended follow up in the ARTISTIC trial","volume":"47","author":"Kitchener","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"R25-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2017.309","article-title":"HPV-positive women with normal cytology remain at increased risk of CIN3 after a negative repeat HPV test","volume":"117","author":"Polman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"R26-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djx225","article-title":"Relative performance of HPV and cytology components of cotesting in cervical screening","volume":"110","author":"Schiffman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R27-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000815)89:4<826::AID-CNCR15>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Evaluation of alternative methods of cervical cancer screening for resource-poor settings","volume":"89","author":"Denny","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R28-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23489","article-title":"Pooled analysis of the accuracy of five cervical cancer screening tests assessed in eleven studies in Africa and India","volume":"123","author":"Arbyn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R29-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e020484","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020484","article-title":"Community-based HPV self-collection versus visual inspection with acetic acid in Uganda:A cost-effectiveness analysis of the ASPIRE trial","volume":"8","author":"Mezei","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R30-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2010.10.012","article-title":"Accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical cancer screening","volume":"113","author":"Sauvaget","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R31-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2017.06.008","article-title":"Implementing community-based cervical cancer screening programs using visual inspection with acetic acid in India:A systematic review","volume":"49","author":"Adsul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"R32-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61195-7","article-title":"Effect of visual screening on cervical cancer incidence and mortality in Tamil Nadu, India:A cluster-randomised trial","volume":"370","author":"Sankaranarayanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R33-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.17.2173","article-title":"Screen-and-treat approaches for cervical cancer prevention in low-resource settings:A randomized controlled trial","volume":"294","author":"Denny","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R34-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S6","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.18-S2-6","article-title":"Screen-and-treat approach to cervical cancer prevention using visual inspection with acetic acid and cryotherapy:Experiences, perceptions, and beliefs from demonstration projects in Peru, Uganda, and Vietnam","volume":"18","author":"Paul","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"R35-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2015.07.038","article-title":"World Health Organization guidelines for treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2-3 and screen-and-treat strategies to prevent cervical cancer","volume":"132","author":"Santesso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R36-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20190","article-title":"Accuracy of visual screening for cervical neoplasia:Results from an IARC multicentre study in India and Africa","volume":"110","author":"Sankaranarayanan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R37-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25726","article-title":"Evaluation of oncogenic human papillomavirus RNA and DNA tests with liquid-based cytology in primary cervical cancer screening:The FASE study","volume":"129","author":"Monsonego","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R38-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.10.027","article-title":"A review of the clinical performance of the Aptima HPV assay","volume":"76","author":"Haedicke","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R39-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2018.09.004","article-title":"Comparative performance of human papillomavirus messenger RNA versus DNA screening tests at baseline and 48 months in the HPV FOCAL trial","volume":"108","author":"Cook","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R40-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2016.12.004","article-title":"Aptima HPV Assay versus Hybrid Capture\u00ae 2 HPV test for primary cervical cancer screening in the HPV FOCAL trial","volume":"87","author":"Cook","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R41-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27636","article-title":"The APTIMA HPV assay versus the Hybrid Capture 2 test in triage of women with ASC-US or LSIL cervical cytology:A meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy","volume":"132","author":"Arbyn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R42-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66693","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066693","article-title":"Multiplex identification of human papillomavirus 16 DNA integration sites in cervical carcinomas","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R43-6-20241212","first-page":"5","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA mutations in patients with HRHPV-related cervical lesions","volume":"70","author":"Goia-Rusanu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"R44-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5217","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1501","article-title":"The precision prevention and therapy of HPV-related cervical cancer:New concepts and clinical implications","volume":"7","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"R45-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1159\/000450595","article-title":"Virtues and weaknesses of DNA methylation as a test for cervical cancer prevention","volume":"60","author":"Lorincz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Cytol"},{"key":"R46-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2548","article-title":"Combined promoter methylation analysis of CADM1 and MAL:An objective triage tool for high-risk human papillomavirus DNA-positive women","volume":"17","author":"Hesselink","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"R47-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14297","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014297","article-title":"ZNF582 methylation as a potential biomarker to predict cervical intraepithelial neoplasia type III\/worse:A meta-analysis of related studies in Chinese population","volume":"98","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore"},{"key":"R48-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-015-0122-0","article-title":"Triage of high-risk human papillomavirus-positive women by methylated POU4F3","volume":"7","author":"Pun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"R50-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21628","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening for individuals at average risk:2020 guideline update from the American Cancer Society","volume":"70","author":"Fontham","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R51-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14168","article-title":"Screening and management of preinvasive lesions of the cervix:Good clinical practice recommendations from the federation of obstetrics and gynaecologic societies of india (FOGSI)","volume":"46","author":"Bhatla","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"R53-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1200\/JGO.2016.006577","article-title":"Secondary prevention of cervical cancer:ASCO resource-stratified clinical practice guideline","volume":"3","author":"Jeronimo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glob Oncol"},{"key":"R54-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_5_17","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening in rural India:Status &current concepts","volume":"148","author":"Srivastava","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"R56-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12183","article-title":"Management algorithms for cervical cancer screening and precancer treatment for resource-limited settings","volume":"138","author":"Basu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"R58-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)35241-0","article-title":"HPV testing in primary cervical screening:A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Murphy","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"R59-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/cncy.21687","article-title":"Clinical performance of the food and drug administration-approved high-risk HPV test for the detection of high-grade cervicovaginal lesions","volume":"124","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Cytopathol"},{"key":"R60-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-0666","article-title":"Characterizing the temporal dynamics of human papillomavirus DNA detectability using short-interval sampling","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"R61-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.05.012","article-title":"Clinical, colposcopic and pathological characteristics of cervical and vaginal high-grade lesions negative for HPV by hybrid capture 2","volume":"122","author":"Del Pino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"R62-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2018.06.013","article-title":"Update on primary HPV screening for cervical cancer prevention","volume":"42","author":"Rizzo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cancer"},{"key":"R63-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31261","article-title":"Eurogin roadmap 2017:Triage strategies for the management of HPV-positive women in cervical screening programs","volume":"143","author":"Cuschieri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R64-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.09.008","article-title":"Impact of variations in triage cytology interpretation on human papillomavirus-based cervical screening and implications for screening algorithms","volume":"68","author":"Ronco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"R65-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70529-6","article-title":"Risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia during follow-up in HPV-positive women according to baseline p16-INK4A results:A prospective analysis of a nested substudy of the NTCC randomised controlled trial","volume":"14","author":"Carozzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"R66-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s40944-019-0290-5","article-title":"Evaluation of Biomarkers p16\/Ki-67 in cervical cytology for diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia","volume":"17","author":"Rajaram","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"R67-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPTGD94EVRSJCG","article-title":"American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer","volume":"137","author":"Saslow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"R68-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02116-14","article-title":"A study of genotyping for management of human papillomavirus-positive, cytology-negative cervical screening results","volume":"53","author":"Schiffman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R69-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-17-0534","article-title":"Defining optimal triage strategies for hrHPV screen-positive women \u2013An evaluation of HPV 16\/18 genotyping, cytology, and p16\/Ki-67 cytoimmunochemistry","volume":"26","author":"Stanczuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"R70-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30534","article-title":"Performance of a new HPV and biomarker assay in the management of hrHPV positive women:Subanalysis of the ongoing multicenter TRACE clinical trial (n>6,000) to evaluate POU4F3 methylation as a potential biomarker of cervical precancer and cancer","volume":"140","author":"Kocsis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R71-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis590","article-title":"Fall in human papillomavirus prevalence following a national vaccination program","volume":"206","author":"Tabrizi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R72-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.10.092","article-title":"Impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination on HPV 16\/18-related prevalence in precancerous cervical lesions","volume":"3","author":"Powell","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"R73-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.52.4645","article-title":"Effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine against cervical dysplasia in Manitoba, Canada","volume":"32","author":"Mahmud","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"R74-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"djt460","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djt460","article-title":"Early impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on cervical neoplasia \u2013Nationwide follow-up of young Danish women","volume":"106","author":"Baldur-Felskov","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"R75-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29374","article-title":"FDA approves Gardasil 9 for more types of HPV","volume":"121","author":"Printz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"R76-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2015.11.020","article-title":"Cervical cancer screening of HPV vaccinated populations:Cytology, molecular testing, both or none","volume":"76","author":"El-Zein","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R77-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2017.12.018","article-title":"Adapting cervical cancer screening for women vaccinated against human papillomavirus infections:The value of stratifying guidelines","volume":"91","author":"Pedersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"R78-6-20241212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e016700","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016700","article-title":"Protocol for compass:A randomised controlled trial of primary HPV testing versus cytology screening for cervical cancer in HPV-unvaccinated and vaccinated women aged 25-69 years living in Australia","volume":"8","author":"Canfell","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Medical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_857_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T19:04:12Z","timestamp":1751483052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ijmr.org.in\/screening-for-cervical-cancer-choices-dilemmas\/"}},"subtitle":["Choices &amp; dilemmas"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmr.ijmr_857_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-5916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0971-5916","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}}}