{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T09:58:38Z","timestamp":1793527118902,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malnutrition increases the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) and causes reactivation of latent pulmonary TB. On the other hand, TB is a recognized cause of malnutrition. Evaluation of the nutritional status and anemia of tuberculous patients with active disease is an important step toward TB management. The objectives of the study were to determine the nutritional status and patterns of anemia in adult patients with active pulmonary TB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional hospital-based study was performed on newly diagnosed patients with sputum-positive pulmonary TB. The nutritional status, total percentage of body fat (BF%), anemia, and general health of each patient were assessed with measurements of the body mass index (BMI), skin fold thickness, complete blood counts, and biochemical tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients\u2019 ages ranged from 16- to 74-year old, with the majority between 20- and 40-year old. Male: female ratio was 2:1. The majority of males and females (91.2% and 84.5%, respectively) had low BF%. Underweight (BMI &lt; 18.5) was 62%, whereas overweight (BMI \u226525.0) was 4%. BMI showed a significant decline with chronicity of the illness (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Eighty participants showed anemia, 90% microcytic hypochromic, and 10% normocytic normochromic. Serum albumin was low in 21%, with no relation to renal disease and insignificant association with proteinuria.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with active pulmonary TB are likely to have microcytic hypochromic anemia, low BF%, and low BMI, especially with a long duration of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_14_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]],"date-time":"2023-03-14T02:03:48Z","timestamp":1678759428000},"page":"73-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Nutritional Status and Patterns of Anemia in Sudanese Adult Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Iman Osman","family":"Elfaky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ministry of Health, Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Omdurman, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarig H.","family":"Merghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izzeldin A.","family":"Elmubarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Bronxcare Health System, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaeldin H.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R4-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1300\/J053v05n01_03","article-title":"Effects of protein calorie malnutrition on mice infected with BCG","volume":"5","author":"Chan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Nutr Immunol"},{"key":"R6-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.45198","article-title":"Tuberculosis and nutrition","volume":"26","author":"Gupta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"key":"R7-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12821","article-title":"Malnutrition and tuberculosis:The gap between basic research and clinical trials","volume":"15","author":"Tellez-Navarrete","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"R8-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_311_19","article-title":"Prevalence, characteristics, and predictors of tuberculosis associated anemia","volume":"8","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"R9-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.1985.11708790","article-title":"Practical assessment of body composition","volume":"13","author":"Jackson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"key":"R10-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810000907","article-title":"Impact of malnutrition on clinical presentation, clinical course, and mortality in MDR-TB patients","volume":"139","author":"Podewils","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"R11-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37860-5","article-title":"Tuberculosis-associated anemia is linked to a distinct inflammatory profile that persists after initiation of antitubercular therapy","volume":"9","author":"Gil-Santana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R12-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006086.pub3","article-title":"Nutritional supplements for people being treated for active tuberculosis","author":"Sinclair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Mycobacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_14_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:33:16Z","timestamp":1787772796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_14_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_14_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-5531","2212-554X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-5531","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-554X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-20","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-07","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}