{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:41:22Z","timestamp":1787071282028,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In Morocco, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a public health concern affected by the country\u2019s location as transit area between sub-Saharan Africa with high TB burden to Europe. This study aimed to assess the influence of exposure intensity to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Mtb), age, and Bacille Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccination on LTBI prevalence in Morocco.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study of 131 participants, including 98 non-exposed healthy volunteers (NEHV) and 33 healthcare workers exposed to active TB (exposed healthcare workers [EHCW]), was conducted. The Interferon-\u03b3 Release Assay (IGRA) was used to detect LTBI, and results were analyzed according to participants\u2019 age and BCG vaccination status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      EHCW showed a higher prevalence of LTBI than NEHV (36.7% vs. 57.6%) and of EHCW were positive for LTBI. In both groups, the mean age of those with LTBI was higher than those without. Furthermore, we showed within both groups, that LTBI prevalence was positively associated with subjects less covered by BCG vaccination in comparison with subjects likely totally covered by this vaccination (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.783; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.180\u20136.57;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0, 01), (aOR, 6.717; 95% CI, 1.254\u201335.977;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results showed that in the Moroccan TB epidemic context, the prevalence of LTBI still lower among healthy adults general population than within EHCW. Furthermore, this LTBI showed to be positively impacted by age in the two condition of exposure. We also showed that BCG vaccination seems to affect the prevalence of LTBI within both high and low intensity of exposure to Mtb infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_174_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T15:01:10Z","timestamp":1734620470000},"page":"379-386","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Latent Tuberculosis Infections in Different Intensity of Exposure within Moroccan Population: Influence of Age and Bacille Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin Vaccination"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chaimae","family":"Kadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences of T\u00e9touan, Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University, T\u00e9touan, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS, Casablanca, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation (CM6RI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nouhaila","family":"Najimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health-UM6SS, Casablanca, Morocco"},{"name":"Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation (CM6RI), Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology and Center of Genomic of Human Pathologies Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"El Fakihi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute of Hygiene, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Med Biotech Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aicha","family":"El Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, National Institute of Hygiene, Rabat, Morocco"},{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, School of Medcine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmahfoud","family":"Akil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Mycobacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"El Mtili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences of T\u00e9touan, Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University, T\u00e9touan, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajae","family":"El Aouad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hassan II Academy for Sciences and Technology, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamaleddine","family":"Bourkadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moulay Youssef University Hospital, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9935-2580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fouad","family":"Seghrouchni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Rabat, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20241219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_194_22","article-title":"Reactivation of tuberculosis in patient treated with the antifibrotic drug nintedanib","volume":"11","author":"Krachunov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J 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