{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:35:50Z","timestamp":1789659350857,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessment of treatment response to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is currently done by follow-up cultures since smear microscopy cannot distinguish viable from nonviable bacilli. This delays the therapeutic decision and increases the work load on the TB laboratories. This study evaluated the utility of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) viability staining against culture as a modality to assess treatment response in patients receiving anti tubercular treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a cross-sectional study conducted for 2 years at a tertiary care hospital, around 110 follow-up sputum samples from patients with initial smear positivity were collected. After being processed for light-emitting diode fluorescence (FL) microscopy and liquid culture by MGIT 960, the samples were subjected to FDA viability staining as an additional step. FDA staining and FL microscopy results were compared to culture to determine its diagnostic accuracy in predicting bacterial viability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The positivity rates for FL microscopy, FDA microscopy, and culture were 17%, 10%, and 8.18%, respectively. Culture results correlated with FL microscopy in 83.6% of cases and with FDA staining in 94.5%. FDA staining outperformed FL microscopy in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and NPV, with values of 77.7%, 96.04%, 63.6%, and 97.9%, respectively. Among FL microscopy positive samples, FDA staining demonstrated 100% sensitivity and NPV, but poor specificity and PPV (57.14% and 45.45%, respectively) owing to false positive results in some cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FDA viability staining proved to be a better predictor of bacteriological clearance during follow-up examinations of patients on antitubercular therapy and may be explored in future research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_220_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T18:44:52Z","timestamp":1742496292000},"page":"30-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of Fluorescein Diacetate Viability Staining during Treatment Follow-up Examinations of Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9869-2839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ujjwala Nitin","family":"Gaikwad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padma","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anudita","family":"Bhargava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajoy Kumar","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tushar Bharat","family":"Jagzape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Chandraker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mycobacteriology, Intermediate Reference Laboratory, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20260423","first-page":"183","article-title":"A fluorescent staining procedure for determining the viability of mycobacterial cells","volume":"50","author":"Kvach","year":"1982","journal-title":"Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"R3-20260423","first-page":"615","article-title":"Effect of chemotherapy on 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Annals of R.S.C","volume":"25","author":"Shuudeni","year":"2021","journal-title":"B"},{"key":"R13-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2014.12.006","article-title":"Microscopy as a diagnostic tool in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Singhal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"R14-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_13_23","article-title":"Use of light-emitting diode fluorescence microscopy to detect acid-fast bacilli in sputum as proficient alternative tool in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in countries with limited resource settings","volume":"12","author":"Coulibaly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"R15-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmyco.2012.07.005","article-title":"Performance indicators of fluorescence microscopy for sputum samples in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"1","author":"Selvakumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Mycobacteriol"},{"key":"R16-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu1156","article-title":"Editorial commentary: Dead or alive: Can viability staining predict response to tuberculosis treatment?","volume":"60","author":"Lawn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R17-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2021.09.012","article-title":"Fluorescein diacetate vital staining for detecting viability of acid-fast bacilli in sputum of pulmonary tuberculosis patients","volume":"69","author":"Puri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Mycobacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_220_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:58:57Z","timestamp":1786647537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_220_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_220_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-5531","2212-554X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-5531","type":"print"},{"value":"2212-554X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-09","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-20","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}