{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:20:39Z","timestamp":1787775639983,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG) vaccination programs were introduced in Czechoslovakia more than 60 years ago under a quite different epidemiological situation than that of today. Compulsory mass BCG vaccination was abolished in November 2010 and changed to a selective vaccination program for infants at high risk of contracting tuberculosis (TB).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This work sets out to ascertain the risk of TB and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection in the 10-year period following the change to the vaccination program and to compare this with the same period of time when mass BCG vaccination was compulsory. Descriptive study. Statistical analysis of the incidence of tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis as reported in the TB register in years 2001-2020.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n \n The incidence trend of TB in children in both monitored time periods is identical and statistically significantly decreasing (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). In the first monitored period, the incidence trend of NTM cervical lymphadenitis in children is degressive and is not statistically significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.561). However, in the second monitored period, the trend increases and is statistically significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001); in every compared 2-consecutive year period, there is an increase of 8%. These findings indicate that the change from mass BCG vaccination to selective vaccination of high-risk newborns and the abolishment of BCG revaccination can be recommended, so long as a keen eye is kept on NTM caused lymphadenitis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_85_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T16:22:37Z","timestamp":1725294157000},"page":"193-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Ten Years' Experience with the Discontinuation of the Bacillus Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin Vaccination in the Czech Republic"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Karol\u00edna","family":"Dole\u017ealov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"G\u00f6pfertov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.11.03.00604-en","article-title":"European survey of BCG vaccination policies and surveillance in children, 2005","volume":"11","author":"Infuso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"R3-16-20240902","first-page":"345","article-title":"TB meningitis in the Czech Republic \u2013 New encounter with an old diagnosis after 20 years","volume":"71","author":"\u010c\u00e1belov\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Czech Slovak Paediatr"},{"key":"R4-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(93)90006-J","article-title":"Six years' experience with the discontinuation of BCG vaccination. 1. Risk of tuberculosis infection and disease","volume":"74","author":"Trnka","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis"},{"key":"R6-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/22.6.1154","article-title":"Protective effect of BCG against tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis: A meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Rodrigues","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R7-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68507-3","article-title":"Effect of BCG vaccination on childhood tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis worldwide: A meta-analysis and assessment of cost-effectiveness","volume":"367","author":"Trunz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R8-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g4643","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g4643","article-title":"Effect of BCG vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"349","author":"Roy","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R9-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/0962-8479(93)90056-4","article-title":"Six years' experience with the discontinuation of BCG vaccination","volume":"74","author":"Trnka","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tuber Lung Dis"},{"key":"R10-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e257","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000001977","article-title":"Emergence of nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis in children after the discontinuation of mandatory bacillus Calmette and Gu\u00e9rin immunization in France","volume":"37","author":"Lacroix","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"R11-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1086\/422319","article-title":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in children: A 2-year prospective surveillance study in the Netherlands","volume":"39","author":"Haverkamp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R12-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-3879(87)90070-5","article-title":"Neonatal BCG vaccination and mycobacterial cervical adenitis in childhood","volume":"68","author":"Katila","year":"1987","journal-title":"Tubercle"},{"key":"R13-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00234","article-title":"BCG vaccination induces M. avium and M. abscessus cross-protective immunity","volume":"10","author":"Abate","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"R14-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002152","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002152","article-title":"The global burden of latent tuberculosis infection: A re-estimation using mathematical modelling","volume":"13","author":"Houben","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R15-16-20240902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz430","article-title":"Effectiveness of BCG vaccination against mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in adults: A cross-sectional analysis of a UK-based cohort","volume":"221","author":"Katelaris","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["The International Journal of Mycobacteriology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_85_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:37:14Z","timestamp":1787773034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_85_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_85_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["2212-5531"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2212-5531","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}}}