{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:30:57Z","timestamp":1786649457695,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare choroidal structural features in eyes with central macular atrophy related to Stargardt disease (STGD) and non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-five eyes of 25 Stargardt cases and 25 eyes of 25 non-exudative AMD cases were included in this retrospective study. Region Finder software was used to measure atrophic areas on blue-light fundus autofluorescence images centered on the macula. The total choroidal area (TCA), luminal area (LA), and stromal area (SA) were calculated using the ImageJ program and Niblack autolocal thresholding method. The choroidal vascularity index (CVI) was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age was 59.4 \u00b1 10.9 years in the STGD group and 68.1 \u00b1 7.6 years in the non-exudative AMD group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002). The mean macular atrophic area was 16.06 \u00b1 10.61 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      in STGD and 11.73 \u00b1 7.65 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      in non-exudative AMD (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.171). The STGD group had significantly higher mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (184.0 \u00b1 62.6 vs. 131.8 \u00b1 62.4 \u00b5m), TCA (0.553 \u00b1 0.201 vs. 0.406 \u00b1 0.189 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), LA (0.344 \u00b1 0.150 vs. 0.253 \u00b1 0.124 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), and SA values (0.208 \u00b1 0.062 vs. 0.153 \u00b1 0.069 mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) compared to the non-exudative AMD group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.011,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.023, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004, respectively). However, CVI values did not differ significantly between the two groups (60.58 \u00b1 7.4 vs. 61.93 \u00b1 5.8%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.432). According to the results of the ANCOVA test, differences in mean SFCT, TCA, and SA persisted when the data were readjusted for age (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.018,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.035, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.017, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In non-exudative AMD with geographic atrophy, the reductions in the choroidal compartments are more pronounced than those in STGD. However, similar CVI values may suggest that controversy still exists regarding the role of choroidal compartmental changes in the development of atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1005_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T16:01:29Z","timestamp":1761235289000},"page":"S887-S892","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A comparative study of choroidal structural features in eyes with central macular atrophy related to Stargardt disease and non-exudative age-related macular degeneration"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Figen","family":"Bat\u0131o\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zge","family":"Yan\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u0131nar Ayd\u0131n","family":"Ellialt\u0131o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibel","family":"Demirel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"\u015eahl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emin","family":"\u00d6zmert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio-Retina Eye Clinic, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260426","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.11.001","article-title":"Macular dystrophies mimicking age-related macular degeneration","volume":"39","author":"Saksens","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"R2-20260426","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0397-236","article-title":"A photoreceptor cell-specific ATP-binding transporter gene (ABCR) is mutated in recessive Stargardt macular dystrophy","volume":"15","author":"Allikmets","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"R3-20260426","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(13)31725-4","article-title":"Histopathology and immunocytochemistry of the neurosensory retina in fundus flavimaculatus","volume":"101","author":"Birnbach","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R4-20260426","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32508-3","article-title":"Autosomal-dominant fundus flavimaculatus. 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