{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T08:10:29Z","timestamp":1793347829814,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>High-precision biometry and accurate intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation have become essential components of cataract surgery. In clinical practice, IOL power calculation involves measuring parameters such as corneal power and axial length and then applying a power calculation formula. The importance of posterior corneal curvature in determining the true power of the cornea is increasingly being recognized, and newer investigative modalities that can estimate both the anterior and posterior corneal power are becoming the standard of care. Optical biometry, especially using swept-source biometers, with an accuracy of 0.01\u20130.02 mm, has become the state-of-the-art method in biometry. With the evolution of IOL formulas, the ultimate goal of achieving a given target refraction has also moved closer to accuracy. However, despite these technological efforts to standardize and calibrate methods of IOL power calculation, achieving a mean absolute error of zero for every patient undergoing cataract surgery may not be possible. This is due to inherent consistent bias and systematic errors in the measurement devices, IOL formulas, and the individual bias of the surgeon. Optimization and personalization of lens constants allow for the incorporation of these systematic errors as well as individual bias, thereby further improving IOL power prediction accuracy. Our review provides a comprehensive overview of parameters for accurate biometry, along with considerations to enhance IOL power prediction accuracy through optimization and personalization. We conducted a detailed search in PubMed and Google Scholar by using a combination of MeSH terms and specific keywords such as \u201cocular biometry,\u201d \u201cIOL power calculations,\u201d \u201cprediction accuracy of refractive outcome in cataract surgery,\u201d \u201ceffective lens position,\u201d \u201cintraocular lens calculation formulas,\u201d and \u201coptimization of A-constants\u201d to find relevant literature. We identified and analyzed 121 relevant articles, and their findings were included.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1219_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T01:05:22Z","timestamp":1703207122000},"page":"29-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Optimization of biometry for best refractive outcome in cataract surgery"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Vinita","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himani","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurabh","family":"Sawhney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Scientist, Department of Artificial Intelligence, Koverhoop Technologies, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aashima","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aashima Aggarwal, Pannu Eye Hospital, Ropar, Punjab, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murugesan","family":"Vanathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R.P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Luthra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director and Consultant, Cataract and Refractive Services, Drishti Eye Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2007.10.031","article-title":"Sources of error in intraocular lens power calculation","volume":"34","author":"Norrby","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R2-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.248","article-title":"Optimising biometry for best outcomes in cataract surgery","volume":"28","author":"Sheard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R3-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_834_17","article-title":"Intraocular lens calculations in atypical eyes","volume":"65","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-20260508","first-page":"105","article-title":"Intraocular lens power calculations for the refractive surgeon","volume":"1","author":"Holladay","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oper Tech Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R5-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2011.05.042","article-title":"Optimizing intraocular lens power calculations in eyes with axial lengths above 25.0 mm","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R6-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.07.049","article-title":"Modified axial length adjustment formulas in long eyes","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R7-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.06.057","article-title":"Wang-Koch axial length adjustment for the Holladay 2 formula in long eyes","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R8-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20090917-07","article-title":"Corneal power measurements using Scheimpflug imaging in eyes with prior corneal refractive surgery","volume":"25","author":"Holladay","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R9-20260508","article-title":"Biometry Primer: Current Limitations of IOL Power Calculations","author":"Preussner","journal-title":"CRST Global Europe edition"},{"key":"R10-20260508","article-title":"Making the most of high-tech biometry"},{"key":"R11-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2012.05.036","article-title":"Comparability and repeatability of corneal astigmatism measurements using different measurement technologies","volume":"38","author":"Visser","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R12-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2012.02777.x","article-title":"Comparison of refractive outcomes using five devices for the assessment of preoperative corneal power","volume":"40","author":"Whang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R13-20260508","article-title":"Another Step Closer: Lens Constant Customization"},{"key":"R14-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80115-0","article-title":"Standardizing constants for ultrasonic biometry, keratometry and intraocular lens power calculations","volume":"23","author":"Holladay","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R15-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.04.028","article-title":"Comparison of corneal powers obtained from 4 different devices","volume":"148","author":"Shirayama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R16-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.12.3.13","article-title":"Agreement of total keratometry and posterior keratometry among IOLMaster 700, CASIA2, and Pentacam","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transl Vis Sci Technol"},{"key":"R17-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.114791","article-title":"Comparison of corneal curvature and anterior chamber depth measurements using the manual keratometer, Lenstar LS 900 and the Pentacam","volume":"20","author":"U\u00e7akhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R18-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2017.0091","article-title":"Comparison of ocular biometry using new swept-source optical coherence tomography-based optical biometer with other devices","volume":"32","author":"Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5860846","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5860846","article-title":"Comparison of simulated and true keratometry measurements using swept-source optical coherence tomography and dual scheimpflug-placido imaging","volume":"2021","author":"Urias","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R20-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80318-5","article-title":"Comparison of portable automated keratometry and manual keratometry for IOL calculation","volume":"23","author":"Manning","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R21-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20150224-01","article-title":"Repeatability and inter-device agreement for three different methods of keratometry: Placido, scheimpflug, and color LED corneal topography","volume":"31","author":"Hidalgo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R22-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4103\/jovr.jovr_104_16","article-title":"Comparison between two scheimpflug anterior segment analyzers","volume":"12","author":"Baradaran-Rafii","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"R23-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2006.08.031","article-title":"Comparison of different techniques of anterior chamber depth and keratometric measurements","volume":"143","author":"Elbaz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R24-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2018.1458881","article-title":"Comparison of keratometry obtained by a swept source OCT-based biometer with a standard optical biometer and scheimpflug imaging","volume":"43","author":"Asena","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"R25-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2011.11.007","article-title":"Challenges and approaches in modern biometry and IOL calculation","volume":"26","author":"Haigis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R26-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3012748","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3012748","article-title":"Corneal astigmatism measurements comparison among ray-tracing aberrometry, partial coherence interferometry, and scheimpflug imaging system","volume":"2020","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R27-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20150212-01","article-title":"Evaluation of keratometry with a novel Color-LED corneal topographer","volume":"31","author":"Klijn","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R28-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20190422-02","article-title":"Prediction accuracy of total keratometry compared to standard keratometry using different intraocular lens power formulas","volume":"35","author":"Fabian","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R29-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.4103\/sjopt.sjopt_138_21","article-title":"Agreement between swept-source optical biometry and Scheimpflug-based tomography in eyes with previous myopic refractive surgery","volume":"36","author":"Karmiris","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saud J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R30-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2019.05.020","article-title":"Evaluation of total keratometry and its accuracy for intraocular lens power calculation in eyes after corneal refractive surgery","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R31-20260508","article-title":"IOL Calculations for Cataract Surgery after Post-Corneal Refractive Surgery: Comparison of Barrett True -K, Barrett True -K TK, ASCRS Calculator and ORA","author":"Alsetri","journal-title":"ASCRS Annual Meeting 2019, San Diego, USA"},{"key":"R32-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13760","article-title":"Total keratometry in intraocular lens power calculations in eyes with previous laser refractive surgery","volume":"48","author":"Lawless","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R33-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80917-0","article-title":"Sources of error in intraocular lens power calculation","volume":"18","author":"Olsen","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R35-20260508","first-page":"363","article-title":"The accuracy of ultrasonic measurements of the axial length of the eye","volume":"12","author":"Binkhorst","year":"1981","journal-title":"Opthalmic Surg"},{"key":"R36-20260508","first-page":"1304","article-title":"Submicrometer precision biometry of the anterior segment of the human eye","volume":"38","author":"Drexler","year":"1997","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R37-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-012-9671-9","article-title":"Prediction of refractive outcome after cataract surgery using partial coherence interferometry: Comparison of SRK\/T and Haigis formulas","volume":"34","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R38-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)01214-7","article-title":"Reproducibility of optical biometry using partial coherence interferometry: Intraobserver and interobserver reliability","volume":"27","author":"Vogel","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R39-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00113-5","article-title":"Partial coherence interferometry: A novel approach to biometry in cataract surgery","volume":"126","author":"Drexler","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R41-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(98)80102-8","article-title":"High precision biometry of pseudophakic eyes using partial coherence interferometry","volume":"24","author":"Findl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R42-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2006.00774.x","article-title":"Improved accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation with the Zeiss IOL master","volume":"85","author":"Olsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"R43-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20110202-01","article-title":"Comparison of immersion ultrasound, partial coherence interferometry, and low coherence reflectometry for ocular biometry in cataract patients","volume":"27","author":"Montes-Mico","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R44-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(01)01259-7","article-title":"Immersion A-scan compared with partial coherence interferometry: Outcomes analysis","volume":"28","author":"Packer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R45-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optm.2010.07.025","article-title":"Comparison of the ultrasonographic method with 2 partial coherence interferometry methods for intraocular lens power calculation","volume":"82","author":"Salouti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Optometry"},{"key":"R46-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702452","article-title":"Reliability of the IOL Master in axial length evaluation in silicone oil-filled eyes","volume":"21","author":"Parravano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R47-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2004.09.049","article-title":"Signal quality of biometry in silicone oil-filled eyes using partial coherence laser interferometry","volume":"31","author":"Dietlein","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R48-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01740-6","article-title":"Evaluation of the practicality of optical biometry and applanation ultrasound in 253 eyes","volume":"29","author":"Tehrani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cataract Ref Surg"},{"key":"R49-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00473.x","article-title":"The impact of cataract severity on measurement acquisition with the IOLMaster","volume":"83","author":"Freeman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol Scand"},{"key":"R50-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01500-6","article-title":"Optical and ultrasound measurement of axial length and anterior chamber depth for intraocular lens power calculation","volume":"29","author":"N\u00e9meth","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R51-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2008.02.021","article-title":"Evaluation of a new IOL master algorithm to measure axial length","volume":"34","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R52-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.10.041","article-title":"Evaluation of 2 new optical biometry devices and comparison with the current gold standard biometer","volume":"37","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R53-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.156554","article-title":"A new optical low coherence reflectometry device for ocular biometry in cataract patients","volume":"93","author":"Buckhurst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R54-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.04.019","article-title":"Comparison and evaluation of ocular biometry using a new noncontact optical low-coherence reflectometer","volume":"116","author":"Rohrer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R55-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics9120951","article-title":"Swept-source optical coherence tomography-based biometry: A comprehensive overview","volume":"9","author":"Borgia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Photonics"},{"key":"R56-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000551","article-title":"Ocular biometry with swept-source optical coherence tomography","volume":"47","author":"Mont\u00e9s-Mic\u00f3","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R57-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S351845","article-title":"Acquisition time for swept-source optical biometry plus corneal power measurement during cataract evaluation","volume":"16","author":"Ruiz-Mesa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R58-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2021.03.028","article-title":"The additive value of foveal OCT-based biometry to fundus biomicroscopy for detecting macular pathology prior to cataract surgery","volume":"228","author":"Rein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R59-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9912","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46243-3","article-title":"Swept-source optical coherence tomography biometer as screening strategy for macular disease in patients scheduled for cataract surgery","volume":"9","author":"Tognetto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R60-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000630","article-title":"Foveal pit morphology evaluation during optical biometry measurements using a full-eye-length swept-source OCT scan biometer prototype","volume":"25","author":"Bertelmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R61-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1097\/j.jcrs.0000000000000690","article-title":"Evaluation of 6 biometers based on different optical technologies","volume":"48","author":"Mont\u00e9s-Mic\u00f3","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R62-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-021-01826-5","article-title":"Comparison of ocular biometric measurements in patients with cataract using three swept-source optical coherence tomography devices","volume":"21","author":"Oh","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R63-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.5935\/0004-2749.20200041","article-title":"Effects of pupillary dilation on ocular optical biometry outcomes in pediatric patients","volume":"83","author":"Balsak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arq Bras Oftalmol"},{"key":"R64-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12807","article-title":"Feasibility and repeatability of ocular biometry measured with Lenstar LS 900 in a large group of children and adolescents","volume":"41","author":"Rauscher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"R65-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4923","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6211","article-title":"Corneal biomechanics, refractive error, and axial length in Chinese primary school children","volume":"52","author":"Huang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R66-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S378286","article-title":"Success rate of swept-source optical coherence tomography biometry of eyes of elementary school students","volume":"16","author":"Tomita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R67-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12918","article-title":"An evaluation of the IOLMaster 700 and its agreement with the IOLMaster v3 in children","volume":"42","author":"Leighton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"R68-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0183378","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0183378","article-title":"Changes in the anterior segment after cycloplegia with a biometer using swept-source optical coherence tomography","volume":"12","author":"Higashiyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"R69-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0209356","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209356","article-title":"Comparison of axial length using a new swept-source optical coherence tomography-based biometer \u2013 ARGOS with partial coherence interferometry- based biometer-IOLMaster among school children","volume":"13","author":"Hussaindeen","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"R70-20260508","first-page":"27","article-title":"Estimation of optical power of the intraocular lens","volume":"80","author":"Fyodorov","year":"1967","journal-title":"Russian Vestn Oftalmol"},{"key":"R71-20260508","first-page":"625","article-title":"Calculation of the optical power of intraocular lenses","volume":"14","author":"Fyodorov","year":"1975","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R72-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.57.10.735","article-title":"Calculation of the power of an iris clip lens for distant vision","volume":"57","author":"Colenbrander","year":"1973","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R73-20260508","first-page":"4","article-title":"Mathematics and computers in intraocular lens calculation","volume":"1","author":"Hoffer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am Intra-Ocular Implant Soc J"},{"key":"R74-20260508","first-page":"17","article-title":"The optical design of intraocular lens implants","volume":"6","author":"Binkhorst","year":"1975","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg"},{"key":"R75-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(88)80059-2","article-title":"A three-part system for refining intraocular lens power calculations","volume":"14","author":"Holladay","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R76-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80705-5","article-title":"Development of the SRK\/T intraocular lens implant power calculation formula","volume":"16","author":"Retzlaff","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R77-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80734-1","article-title":"Theoretical versus SRK I and SRK II calculation of intraocular lens power","volume":"16","author":"Olsen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R78-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(87)80037-8","article-title":"Intraocular lens calculation formulas for new intraocular lens implants","volume":"13","author":"Barrett","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R79-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80339-2","article-title":"An improved universal theoretical formula for intraocular lens power prediction","volume":"19","author":"Barrett","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R80-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80338-0","article-title":"The Hoffer Q formula: A comparison of theoretic and regression formulas","volume":"19","author":"Hoffer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R81-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/s004170000188","article-title":"Comparison of immersion ultrasound biometry and partial coherence interferometry for intraocular lens calculation according to Haigis","volume":"238","author":"Haigis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R82-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2013.10.037","article-title":"C constant: New concept for ray tracing assisted intraocular lens power calculation","volume":"40","author":"Olsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R84-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0000000000000183","article-title":"Clinical results of the Hoffer H-5 formula in 2707 Eyes: First 5th-generation formula based on gender and race","volume":"57","author":"Hoffer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"R85-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2010.02042.x","article-title":"Performance of three biometry devices in patients with different grades of age-related cataract","volume":"89","author":"Mylonas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R86-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2015.10.010","article-title":"Anterior chamber depth studies","volume":"41","author":"Hoffer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R87-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.11.007","article-title":"Comparison of 2 laser instruments for measuring axial length","volume":"36","author":"Hoffer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R88-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-20070401-09","article-title":"Corneal radii and anterior chamber depth measurements using the IOLmaster versus the Pentacam","volume":"23","author":"Reuland","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R89-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20100121-08","article-title":"Central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and pupil diameter measurements using Visante OCT, Orbscan, and Pentacam","volume":"26","author":"Yazici","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R90-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20130117-07","article-title":"Anterior chamber and aqueous depth measurement in pseudophakic eyes: Agreement between ultrasound biometry and scheimpflug imaging","volume":"29","author":"Savini","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"R91-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optm.2009.04.100","article-title":"Comparison of anterior chamber depth measurements using Galilei, HR Pentacam, and Orbscan II","volume":"81","author":"Salouti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Optometry"},{"key":"R92-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74917-7","article-title":"Biometry of 7,500 cataractous eyes","volume":"90","author":"Hoffer","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R93-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2003.11.053","article-title":"Comparative estimation of anterior chamber depth by ultrasonography, Orbscan II, and IOLMaster","volume":"30","author":"Reddy","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R94-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.2005.tb02193.x","article-title":"Anterior chamber depth measurement with A-scan ultrasonography, Orbscan II, and IOLMaster","volume":"82","author":"Hashemi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"R95-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e31818e8ceb","article-title":"Anterior chamber depth measurement in phakic and pseudophakic eyes","volume":"85","author":"Su","year":"2008","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"R96-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(02)01822-9","article-title":"Comparison of anterior chamber depth measurement methods in phakic and pseudophakic eyes","volume":"29","author":"Kriechbaum","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R97-20260508","first-page":"193","article-title":"Agreement and relationship between ultrasonic and partial coherence interferometry measurements of axial length and anterior chamber depth","volume":"6","author":"Wissa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R98-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.113761","article-title":"Comparison of anterior chamber depth measurements using the IOLMaster, scanning peripheral anterior chamber depth analyser, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography","volume":"91","author":"Lavanya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R99-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.08.048","article-title":"Comparison of three methods of measuring corneal thickness and anterior chamber depth","volume":"141","author":"Buehl","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R100-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430249","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/430249","article-title":"Comparison of anterior chamber depth measurements from the Galilei Dual scheimpflug analyzer with IOLMaster","volume":"2012","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R101-20260508","first-page":"1057","article-title":"Device interchangeability on anterior chamber depth and white-to-white measurements: A thorough literature review","volume":"9","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Vicent","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R102-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-020-01552-9","article-title":"Agreement of white-to-white measurements with swept-source OCT, Scheimpflug and color LED devices","volume":"41","author":"Ta\u00f1\u00e1-Rivero","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R103-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-022-00308-z","article-title":"Comparison of white-to-white measurements using four devices and their determination of ICL sizing","volume":"9","author":"Ang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eye Vis"},{"key":"R107-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80140-X","article-title":"Intraocular lens power calculation with an improved anterior chamber depth prediction algorithm","volume":"21","author":"Olsen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R108-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(97)80350-1","article-title":"Prediction of intraocular lens power using the lens haptic plane concept","volume":"23","author":"Norrby","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R109-20260508","article-title":"Holladay IOL Consultant User\u2019s Guide and Reference Manual","author":"Holladay","year":"1999","journal-title":"Houston TX, Holladay LASIK Institute;"},{"key":"R110-20260508","article-title":"Barrett Universal II Formula","author":"Barrett","journal-title":"Singapore, Asia-Pacific Association of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons"},{"key":"R112-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00088-9","article-title":"Relationship of the actual thick intraocular lens optic to the thin lens equivalent","volume":"126","author":"Holladay","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R113-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.12.139","article-title":"Prediction of the effective postoperative (intraocular lens) anterior chamber depth","volume":"32","author":"Olsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R114-20260508","article-title":"Hill-RBF calculator","author":"Hill"},{"key":"R115-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2017.07.004","article-title":"Intraocular lens power calculations in short eyes using 7 formulas","volume":"43","author":"G\u00f6kce","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"R116-20260508","article-title":"East Valley Ophthalmology. n.d. Optical Biometry Lens Constants"},{"key":"R118-20260508","first-page":"37","article-title":"IOL power calculations (Part- 2) formulas and optimization","volume":"22","author":"Sawhney","year":"2016","journal-title":"DOS Times"},{"key":"R120-20260508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.07.037","article-title":"Intraocular lens formula constant optimization and partial coherence interferometry biometry: Refractive outcomes in 8108 eyes after cataract surgery","volume":"37","author":"Aristodemou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1219_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:22:05Z","timestamp":1787836925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1219_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"references-count":111,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1219_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-09","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-29","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}