{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:03:13Z","timestamp":1787169793280,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To calculate the intraocular lens power and to determine the relationship between ocular biometry and severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study group included 150 type II diabetic subjects with DR. The control group consisted of 150 type II diabetic subjects having no DR. Axial length (AL), corneal power, and anterior chamber depth were measured using LenStar. DR and diabetic macular edema were classified according to International DR Classification. Crystalline lens power was calculated using Barrett Universal II formula. AL to corneal radius ratio was calculated. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In multivariate logistic models adjusting for age, sex, glycosylated hemoglobin, duration of diabetes, Mean age of patients in the study group was 62.45 \u00b1 4.85 years, whereas in the control group, it was 63.37 \u00b1 7.29 years. Of the eyes with DR, 117, 76, 69, and 38 had mild NPDR, moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, and PDR, respectively. The difference in the mean duration of diabetes mellitus and glycosylated hemoglobin in both study and control groups was found to be statistically significant. A progressive decrease in the mean AL and the anterior chamber depth was observed with increasing severity of DR, and difference was statistically significant. There was a progressive increase in intraocular lens power with increasing severity of DR, and difference was found to be statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In persons with diabetes mellitus, globe elongation plays quite an important role in protective effects against DR, with contribution from intraocular lens power and other refractive components.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1256_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T12:37:01Z","timestamp":1636634221000},"page":"3190-3193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Calculation of intraocular lens power and to determine the relationship between ocular biometry and severity of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type II diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Neha","family":"Adlakha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manpreet","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anurag A","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Shaheed Hasan Khan Mewati Government Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.9.1414","article-title":"Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025:Prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections","volume":"21","author":"King","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.10.007","article-title":"Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030","volume":"87","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"B3-20240828","first-page":"853","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Hadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag"},{"key":"B4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040030398010","article-title":"The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. II. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is less than 30 years","volume":"102","author":"Klein","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040030405011","article-title":"The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy. III. Prevalence and risk of diabetic retinopathy when age at diagnosis is 30 or more years","volume":"102","author":"Klein","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051594","article-title":"UKPDS 50:Risk factors for incidence and progression of retinopathy in type II diabetes over 6 years from diagnosis","volume":"44","author":"Stratton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.19.11.1291","article-title":"Serum lipids and diabetic retinopathy. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group","volume":"19","author":"Ferris","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.74.11.654","article-title":"Biometry of the crystalline lens in early-onset diabetes","volume":"74","author":"Sparrow","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.76.7.428","article-title":"Biometry of the crystalline lens in late onset diabetes:The importance of diabetic type","volume":"76","author":"Sparrow","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B10-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.03.021","article-title":"Longer axial length is protective of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema","volume":"119","author":"Man","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"B11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0111766","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111766","article-title":"Axial length\/corneal radius ratio:Association with refractive state and role on myopia detection combined with visual acuity in Chinese schoolchildren","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B12-20240828","first-page":"826","article-title":"Impovment of early detection of diabetic retinopathy-A primary care intervention sudy","volume":"142","author":"Vinker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Harefuah"},{"key":"B13-20240828","first-page":"680","article-title":"Is microalbuminuria a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy?","volume":"26","author":"Romero","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"B14-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001335","article-title":"High myopia and diabetic retinopathy:A contralateral eye study in diabetic patients with high myopic anisometropia","volume":"37","author":"Bazzazi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"B15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.07.065","article-title":"Differential associations of myopia with major age-related eye diseases:The Singapore Indian Eye Study","volume":"120","author":"Pan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B16-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.07.044","article-title":"Are myopic eyes less likely to have diabetic retinopathy?","volume":"3","author":"Lim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B17-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2005.00298.x","article-title":"Myopia and associated pathological complications","volume":"25","author":"Saw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"B18-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2006.04.005","article-title":"Ocular oxygenation and the treatment of diabetic retinopathy","volume":"51","author":"Stefansson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B19-20240828","first-page":"3974","article-title":"Mechanisms of retinal and choroidal neovascularization","volume":"35","author":"D'Amore","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1256_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:13:18Z","timestamp":1787166798000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1256_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1256_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-16","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-08","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}