{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T09:22:08Z","timestamp":1793697728365,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to assess the effectiveness of atropine 0.05% for myopia control among children exhibiting (documented) rapid myopia progression (&gt;0.75D\/year).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective interventional single-arm clinical trial included children aged between 6\u201312 years, spherical equivalent refractive (SER) error between \u2212 2 and \u2212 6D, and having documented myopia progression of &gt;0.75D in the preceding year. All participants were administered atropine 0.05% in both eyes once at bedtime for 1 year. The primary outcome measure was a change in the rate of myopia progression (D\/year) and change in SER and axial length (AL) at 1 year and documentation of any adverse effects related to therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty children were enrolled with a mean age of 8.5 \u00b1 2.2 years. (45% male) The mean SER 1 year before starting atropine treatment was \u22123.53 \u00b1 0.78D. At baseline, the mean SER was \u22124.58 \u00b1 1.03D, which increased to \u22124.98 \u00b1 0.97D after 1-year follow-up. The study reported a 62% reduction in the rate of myopia progression after 1 year of atropine 0.05% treatment (\u22121.05 \u00b1 0.21D\/year [baseline] to \u2212 0.4 \u00b1 0.14D\/year[1-year follow-up] [\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001]). The mean AL increased from 24.98 \u00b1 2.43 mm (baseline) to 25.21 \u00b1 2.32 mm (1 year). There was no significant correlation between changes in AL and SER (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.57;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      : 0.063). The study observed the response to treatment was independent of the age at baseline, baseline refractive error, baseline rate of progression, gender, and family history of myopia. No adverse effects from atropine 0.05% were reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atropine 0.05% could be an effective treatment for children with rapidly progressing myopia with no significant side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1526_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T10:00:36Z","timestamp":1735293636000},"page":"358-361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Atropine (0.05%) for rapid progressive childhood myopia (ARM study)"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Rohit","family":"Saxena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinay","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himani","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebika","family":"Dhiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thirumurthy","family":"Velpandian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Phuljhele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namrata","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260422","first-page":"359","article-title":"VISION 2020 the right to sight: From strategies to action","volume":"128","author":"Parajasegram","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60272-4","article-title":"Myopia","volume":"379","author":"Morgan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R3-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00884.x","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for myopia","volume":"32","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"R4-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V33N1p27","article-title":"Prevalence of myopic in Taiwanese school children: 1983 to 2000","volume":"33","author":"Lin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"R5-20260422","first-page":"723","article-title":"The epidemiology of high myopia: Changing trends","volume":"31","author":"Jain","year":"1983","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0240750","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0240750","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia in Indian school children: Meta-analysis of last four decades","volume":"15","author":"Agarwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R7-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0189774","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189774","article-title":"Incidence and progression of myopia and associated factors in urban school children in Delhi: The North India Myopia Study (NIM Study)","volume":"12","author":"Saxena","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R8-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2016.01.006","article-title":"Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050","volume":"123","author":"Holden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R9-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.5.6","article-title":"IMI prevention of myopia and its progression","volume":"62","author":"Jonas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R10-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01797-3","article-title":"Prevalence of myopia and its risk factors in rural school children in North India: The North India myopia rural study (NIM-R Study)","volume":"36","author":"Saxena","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"R11-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7077","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10565","article-title":"Retardation of myopia in orthokeratology (ROMIO) study: A 2-year randomized clinical trial","volume":"53","author":"Cho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R12-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.10.035","article-title":"Effect of dual-focus soft contact lens wear on axial myopia progression in children","volume":"118","author":"Anstics","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R13-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5475","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-32700-7","article-title":"Long-term myopia control effect and safety in children wearing DIMS spectacle lenses for 6 years","volume":"13","author":"Lam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"R14-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.05.029","article-title":"Low-concentration atropine for myopia progression (LAMP) study: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of 0.05%, 0.025% and 0.01% atropine eye drops in myopia control","volume":"126","author":"Yam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R15-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.07.031","article-title":"Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia: Safety and efficacy of 0.5%, 0.1%, and 0.01% doses (atropine for the treatment of myopia 2)","volume":"119","author":"Chia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R16-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2019.12.011","article-title":"Two-year clinical trial of the low-concentration atropine for myopia progression (LAMP) study: Phase 2 report","volume":"127","author":"Yam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R17-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.01.026","article-title":"Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia in India: Multicentric randomized trial","volume":"128","author":"Saxena","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R18-20260422","first-page":"588","article-title":"Low-dose atropine 0.01% for the treatment of childhood myopia: A pan-India multicentric retrospective study","volume":"108","author":"Saxena","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-01746-w","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of atropine to control myopia progression: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R20-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.10.002","article-title":"Three-year clinical trial of low-concentration atropine for myopia progression study: Continued versus washout: Phase 3 report","volume":"129","author":"Yam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R21-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1159\/000519629","article-title":"Treatment of rapid progression of myopia: Case series and literature review","volume":"12","author":"Erdinest","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R22-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3390\/vision8010003","article-title":"Treatment of rapid progression of myopia: Topical atropine 0.05% and MF60 contact lenses","volume":"8","author":"Erdinest","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vision (Basel)"},{"key":"R23-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6059","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-7108","article-title":"Application of advanced statistics in ophthalmology","volume":"52","author":"Fan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R24-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2800","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2098_21","article-title":"Current concepts in the management of childhood myopia","volume":"70","author":"Dhiman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R25-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_387_23","article-title":"Prevention and management of childhood progressive myopia: National consensus guidelines","volume":"71","author":"Saxena","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R26-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2015.07.004","article-title":"Five-year clinical trial on atropine for the treatment of myopia 2: Myopia control with atropine 0.01% eyedrops","volume":"123","author":"Chia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R27-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2006.22.41","article-title":"Prevention of myopia progression with 0.05% atropine solution","volume":"22","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"R28-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.8.4.227.1609","article-title":"Familial clustering and myopia progression in Singapore school children","volume":"8","author":"JiaSaw","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1526_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T18:58:55Z","timestamp":1786647535000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1526_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1526_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-26","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-25","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}