{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:29:25Z","timestamp":1790994565197,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop prediction models for severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) based on risk factors in preterm Thai infants to reduce unnecessary eye examinations in low-risk infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included preterm infants screened for ROP in a tertiary hospital in Bangkok, Thailand, between September 2009 and December 2020. A predictive score model and a risk factor-based algorithm were developed based on the risk factors identified by a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Validity scores, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean gestational age and birth weight (standard deviation) of 845 enrolled infants were 30.3 (2.6) weeks and 1264.9 (398.1) g, respectively. The prevalence of ROP was 26.2%. Independent risk factors across models included gestational age, birth weight, no antenatal steroid use, postnatal steroid use, duration of oxygen supplementation, and weight gain during the first 4 weeks of life. The predictive score had a sensitivity (95% CI) of 92.2% (83.0, 96.6), negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.2% (98.1, 99.6), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR) of 0.1. The risk factor-based algorithm revealed a sensitivity of 100% (94, 100), NPV of 100% (99, 100), and NLR of 0. Similar validity was observed when \u201cany oxygen supplementation\u201d replaced \u201cduration of oxygen supplementation.\u201d Predictive score, unmodified, and modified algorithms reduced eye examinations by 71%, 43%, and 16%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our risk factor-based algorithm offered an efficient approach to reducing unnecessary eye examinations while maintaining the safety of infants at risk of severe ROP. Prospective validation of the model is required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1640_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T04:01:30Z","timestamp":1713585690000},"page":"S514-S520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Risk factor-based models to predict severe retinopathy of prematurity in preterm Thai infants"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Natthapicha","family":"Najmuangchan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sopapan","family":"Ngerncham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saranporn","family":"Piampradad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poonyawee","family":"Nunthanid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dussadee","family":"Tatritorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thipsukon","family":"Amnartpanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nutchanok","family":"Limkongngam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanyaporn","family":"Praikanarat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niracha","family":"Arjkongharn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suthipol","family":"Udompunthurak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"La-ongsri","family":"Atchaneeyasakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adisak","family":"Trinavarat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e249","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.21-4-e249","article-title":"Strategies to prevent severe retinopathy of prematurity: A 2020 update and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Raghuveer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neoreviews"},{"key":"R2-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2019.05.012","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity, visual and neurodevelopmental outcome, and imaging of the central nervous system","volume":"43","author":"Morken","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"R3-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20183061","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-3061","article-title":"Screening examination of premature infants for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"142","author":"Fierson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R4-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.04.002","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity: A review of risk factors and their clinical significance","volume":"63","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311576","article-title":"Association of antenatal steroid and risk of retinopathy of prematurity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"102","author":"Yim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8032","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2021.1940938","article-title":"Retinopathy prematurity: A systematic review and meta-analysis study based on neonatal and maternal risk factors","volume":"35","author":"Bahmani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"R7-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.5.1016","article-title":"Postnatal serum insulin-like growth factor I deficiency is associated with retinopathy of prematurity and other complications of premature birth","volume":"112","author":"Hellstrom","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R8-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/014860710502900287","article-title":"Changes in serum insulin-like growth factors, not leptin, are associated with postnatal weight gain in preterm neonates","volume":"29","author":"Lo","year":"2005","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"R9-20260504","article-title":"Screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)-clinical guideline","year":"2022"},{"key":"R10-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e518","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1180","article-title":"Characteristics of infants with severe retinopathy of prematurity in countries with low, moderate, and high levels of development: Implications for screening programs","volume":"115","author":"Gilbert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R11-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.03.056","article-title":"Impact of retinopathy of prematurity screening examination on cardiorespiratory indices: A comparison of indirect ophthalmoscopy and retcam imaging","volume":"113","author":"Mukherjee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R12-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2009.01612.x","article-title":"Pain management during eye examinations for retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants: A systematic review","volume":"99","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"R13-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(78)80282-0","article-title":"Incidence and evolution of subependymal and intraventricular hemorrhage: A study of infants with birth weights less than 1,500 gm","volume":"92","author":"Papile","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"R14-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.12.1684","article-title":"Revised indications for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity: Results of the early treatment for retinopathy of prematurity randomized trial","volume":"121","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R15-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m441","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m441","article-title":"Calculating the sample size required for developing a clinical prediction model","volume":"368","author":"Riley","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R16-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.2000.3124","article-title":"Dexamethasone alters TNF-alpha expression in retinopathy","volume":"72","author":"Yossuck","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"key":"R17-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2671","article-title":"Antenatal steroids and antioxidant enzyme activity in preterm infants: Influence of gender and timing","volume":"11","author":"Vento","year":"2009","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"R18-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2008.00629.x","article-title":"Late postnatal systemic steroids predispose to retinopathy of prematurity in very-low-birth-weight infants: A comparative study","volume":"97","author":"Smolkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"R19-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1089\/152308604771978471","article-title":"Free radicals and diseases in premature infants","volume":"6","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"R20-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.2753","article-title":"Development of modified screening criteria for retinopathy of prematurity: Primary results from the postnatal growth and retinopathy of prematurity study","volume":"136","author":"Binenbaum","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2015.10.017","article-title":"The Colorado-retinopathy of prematurity model (CO-ROP): Postnatal weight gain screening algorithm","volume":"20","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"R22-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2019.1631588","article-title":"Association between severe retinopathy of prematurity and postnatal weight gain in very low-birthweight infants at Chiang Mai University Hospital, Thailand","volume":"40","author":"Wongnophirun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Paediatr Int Child Health"},{"key":"R23-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2135879","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.35879","article-title":"The use of postnatal weight gain algorithms to predict severe or type 1 retinopathy of prematurity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Athikarisamy","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R24-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0175374","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175374","article-title":"Association of maternal hypertensive disorders with retinopathy of prematurity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R25-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0205838","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0205838","article-title":"Chorioamnionitis as a risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Villamor-Martinez","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R26-20260504","article-title":"Histological chorioamnionitis and funisitis as new risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity: A meta-analysis","author":"El Emrani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"R27-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0236639","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236639","article-title":"Maternal diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor for clinically significant retinopathy of prematurity severity in neonates less than 1500 g","volume":"15","author":"Opara","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R28-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2020016618","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-016618","article-title":"Applications of artificial intelligence for retinopathy of prematurity screening","volume":"147","author":"Campbell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"R29-20260504","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2022.2135","article-title":"External validation of a retinopathy of prematurity screening model using artificial intelligence in 3 low- and middle-income populations","volume":"140","author":"Coyner","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1640_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:42:36Z","timestamp":1786650156000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1640_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1640_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-22","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-11","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}