{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:37:06Z","timestamp":1787773026788,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To report the clinico-demographic profile of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) in patients during the \u201csecond wave\u201d of the COVID-19 pandemic in eastern India, and their ophthalmic manifestations at presentation to our tertiary institute.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study amongst patients presenting to our center based on their hospital records. Demographic information, history related to COVID-19, records of detailed ocular examination, and microbiological, radiological, and histopathological investigation were entered into an online worksheet and analyzed using SPSS 26.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 219 patients with ROCM were treated from May to September 2021, and 110 of these had ocular manifestations at presentation (50.2%). The age of patients ranged from 22 to 83 years and the mean \u00b1 standard deviation (SD) age was 49.9 \u00b1 12.9 years. Ninety (81.8%) patients had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, 31 (34%) had hypertension, and 10 had other comorbidities. The duration between the onset of COVID-19 and mucormycosis symptoms was 0 to 60 days with a mean \u00b1 SD interval of 20.9 \u00b1 12.6 days. Fifty-six (50.9%) patients had a history of steroid use. Unrelenting ocular or facial pain was the most common presenting symptom, ptosis was the most common anterior segment manifestation, and ophthalmic artery occlusion was the most common posterior segment manifestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data from eastern India reinforces the relationship between COVID-19, diabetes, corticosteroid use, and ROCM. Knowledge of various presenting anterior and posterior segment manifestations of the disease as described in the present study will guide clinicians to recognize the disease early and make every effort to prevent complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1699_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T09:14:27Z","timestamp":1672910067000},"page":"249-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A cross-sectional study to describe the spectrum of ocular manifestations and risk factors of mucormycosis presenting to a tertiary hospital of East India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Amit","family":"Raj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, Bihar, 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