{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:30:40Z","timestamp":1787761840811,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this era of cutting-edge research and digitalization, artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly penetrated all subspecialties, including ophthalmology. Managing AI data and analytics is cumbersome, and implementing blockchain technology has made this task less challenging. Blockchain technology is an advanced mechanism with a robust database that allows the unambiguous sharing of widespread information within a business model or network. The data is stored in blocks that are linked together in chains. Since its inception in 2008, blockchain technology has grown over the years, and its novel use in ophthalmology has been less well documented. This section on current ophthalmology discusses the novel use and future of blockchain technology for intraocular lens power calculation and refractive surgery workup, ophthalmic genetics, payment methods, international data documentation, retinal images, global myopia pandemic, virtual pharmacy, and drug compliance and treatment. The authors have also provided valuable insights into various terminologies and definitions used in blockchain technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1802_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T06:19:36Z","timestamp":1678256376000},"page":"1025-1026","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Adoption, implementation, definitions, and future of blockchain technology in ophthalmology"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Bharat","family":"Gurnani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cataract, Cornea, Trauma, External Disease. Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janakikund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirandeep","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janakikund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arvind Kumar","family":"Morya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52810","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-16223-0","article-title":"Blockchain and artificial intelligence 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