{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:53:40Z","timestamp":1791212020997,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of teleophthalmology services facilitated through vision centers in enhancing access to quality eye care in rural areas of Dharwad district, Karnataka, India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective observational study conducted at four vision centers in Dharwad, Karnataka (Alnavar, Kalaghatagi, Noolvi, and Navalgund). Each center was equipped with a slit-lamp, fundus camera, and real-time teleconsultation system. A total of 398 patients were enrolled. Comprehensive ocular examinations were performed by trained optometrists, and cases requiring specialist input underwent live video teleconsultation with ophthalmologists. Impact was assessed by service uptake (proportion of patients completing teleconsultation). Effectiveness was measured using a validated 5-point Likert-scale patient-satisfaction questionnaire evaluating accessibility, communication, privacy, and overall satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 398 eligible participants, 381 (95.7%) completed teleconsultation. The mean age was 39.3 \u00b1 12.6 years. The mean consultation duration was 20.1 \u00b1 3.2 minutes. The mean satisfaction score was 4.6 \u00b1 0.4, with over 90% of participants rating the service as \u201cSatisfied\u201d or \u201cVery satisfied.\u201d Lens-related disorders (19.8%) and refractive errors (18.7%) were most common.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Teleophthalmology through vision centers achieved high uptake and patient satisfaction and was operationally feasible in this rural setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1926_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:00:36Z","timestamp":1784894436000},"page":"S358-S362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of teleophthalmology on rural eye health outcomes through vision centers in Dharwad"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"BV","family":"Pradeep","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish C","family":"Doddamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Optometry, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Krishnaprasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-024-01008-8","article-title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tele-ophthalmology-based retinal screening","volume":"13","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"R2-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2011.0190","article-title":"The Sankara Nethralaya mobile teleophthalmology model for comprehensive eye care delivery in rural India","volume":"18","author":"John","year":"2012","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"key":"R3-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12658","article-title":"Optometry-facilitated teleophthalmology: An audit of the first year in Western Australia","volume":"101","author":"Bartnik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"R4-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_991_19","article-title":"Role of teleophthalmology to manage anterior segment conditions in vision centres of South India: EyeSmart study-I","volume":"68","author":"Misra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.4103\/IJO.IJO_3010_22","article-title":"A technological approach to \u201cReaching the Unreached\u201d: Leveraging teleophthalmology services in rural Gujarat","volume":"71","author":"Shah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12535","article-title":"Real-time teleophthalmology video consultation: An analysis of patient satisfaction in rural Western Australia","volume":"101","author":"Host","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"R7-20261005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1080\/08164622.2021.1916383","article-title":"Live teleophthalmology avoids escalation of referrals to secondary care during COVID-19 lockdown","volume":"104","author":"Ghazala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Optom"},{"key":"R8-20261005","first-page":"5180","article-title":"Satisfaction of patients and primary care professionals with a teleophthalmology-based screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in a rural area in Castilla y Le\u00f3n, Spain","volume":"20","author":"Valpuesta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"R9-20261005","first-page":"139","article-title":"A pilot study to improve access to eye care services for patients in rural India by implementing community ophthalmology through innovative telehealth technology","volume":"214","author":"John","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Inform"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1926_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:01:20Z","timestamp":1791208880000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_1926_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1926_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-17","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}