{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:28:44Z","timestamp":1786649324760,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize the sequelae of microsporidia keratoconjunctivitis (MKC) and outline its management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective analysis of microbiologically proven MKC returned with persistent disease between January 2015 and December 2019 was done. Demographics, clinical features, management, and outcome were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixteen patients (21 eyes) of 332 treated for MKC returned with the persisting disease. The mean age of 11 males (68.7%), and 5 females was 35.1 \u00b1 12.2 years. Three-quarter of them did not have a known predisposing risk factor and one-quarter of them were referred for chronic conjunctivitis. Past medications included topical antivirals (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8) and topical corticosteroid (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6). Three predominant presentations were persistent (&gt;3 weeks) superficial punctate keratitis (SPKs,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 7), sub-epithelial infiltrates (SEIs,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 13), and uveitis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2). The lesions recurred in eight eyes (SPK and SEI 4 each) after a disease-free interval of 60.4 \u00b1 40.6 days; there were 13 episodes of recurrence. Topical low potent corticosteroids (loteprednol\/fluorometholone), and tacrolimus ointment 0.03% were used in 17 (80.9%) and 8 (38%) eyes, respectively, for a mean duration of 44.8 \u00b1 31.6 and 226.8 \u00b1 180.5 days, respectively. At follow-up, 172.3 \u00b1 183.6 days, visual recovery was statistically significant in persistent eyes (BCVA 0.07 \u00b1 0.07 logMAR;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.00001) but, not in recurrent eyes (BCVA 0.16 \u00b1 0.08 logMAR;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.07). Five of 21 eyes were left with residual significant scar.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sequelae of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis are not uncommon. Topical 0.03% tacrolimus ointment appeared to be an effective corticosteroid-sparing agent for the treatment of SEIs and prevention of recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1971_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T10:42:08Z","timestamp":1622630528000},"page":"1537-1543","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Sequelae of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis and its management"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Amrita","family":"Mohanty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanchita","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Microbiology Service, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparajita","family":"Mallick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Microbiology Service, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manas Ranjan","family":"Barik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Microbiology Service, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujata","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smrutirekha","family":"Priyadarshini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikant K","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornea and Anterior Segment Services, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L.V. 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