{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:24:46Z","timestamp":1787840686729,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756425600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of needle-assisted circumferential goniotomy (NAG) in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a hospital-based prospective interventional study. Patients diagnosed with PCG, aged &lt;2 years with good corneal clarity, who underwent NAG procedure in a single tertiary eye care center, were included in the study and were followed up regularly in the post-operative period. The pre- and post-operative intraocular pressure (IOP), number of anti-glaucoma medications (AGMs), corneal diameter, axial length, fundus findings, and any complications were recorded at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Success was defined as IOP \u2264 18 mmHg with or without two topical AGMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 52 eyes (14 bilateral and 24 unilateral) of 31 children were included in the study. A total of 80.6% were males and 19.4% were females, with a mean age of 1.14 \u00b1 1.04 years. The baseline IOP was 23.28 \u00b1 5.98 mmHg, which decreased to 11.03 \u00b1 5.06 mmHg at 3 months, 12.08 \u00b1 3.80 mmHg at 6 months, and 12.54 \u00b1 5.09 mmHg at 12 months,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value &lt; 0.001. The mean number of topical AGMs reduced from 2.48 \u00b1 1.03 to 1.35 \u00b1 1.23 at 12 months follow-up,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value &lt; 0.001. Complete success was seen in 88.46% (46\/51) eyes. Failure was noted in 11.52% (10\/51) eyes, out of which 9.61% (9\/51) eyes required trabeculectomy. There were no significant vision-threatening intraoperative or post-operative complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 24G NAG is a safe and effective surgical procedure to control the IOP in PCG with good corneal clarity. NAG is a single-sitting, minimally invasive, circumferential angle surgery that spares the conjunctiva completely for future surgeries, if needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_1976_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T16:01:53Z","timestamp":1756483313000},"page":"1276-1281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Outcomes of needle-assisted circumferential goniotomy (NAG) in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG)"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Dewang","family":"Angmo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research and Clinical Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekta","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research and Clinical Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanchan","family":"Satpute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research and Clinical Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anuja","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research and Clinical Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namrata","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research and Clinical Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivam","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanuj","family":"Dada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research and Clinical Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.73683","article-title":"Update on congenital glaucoma","volume":"59","author":"Mandal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/612708","article-title":"Surgical management in primary congenital glaucoma: Four debates","volume":"2013","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4100","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-1350","article-title":"The British infantile and childhood glaucoma (BIG) eye study","volume":"48","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R4-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.179716","article-title":"A retrospective survey of childhood glaucoma prevalence according to Childhood Glaucoma Research Network classification","volume":"64","author":"Hoguet","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S1091-8531(99)70028-5","article-title":"The epide-miology of pediatric glaucoma: The Toronto experience","volume":"3","author":"Taylor","year":"1999","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"R6-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040031081030","article-title":"Anatomical classi\ufb01cation of the developmental glaucomas","volume":"102","author":"Hoskins","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2015.06.005","article-title":"Primary congenital glaucoma","volume":"221","author":"Ko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"R8-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10008-1192","article-title":"Review on the management of primary congenital glaucoma","volume":"9","author":"Yu Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Curr Glaucoma Pract"},{"key":"R9-20260420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(53)91780-2","article-title":"Surgery of congenital glaucoma. 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