{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:33:47Z","timestamp":1787776427427,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To establish the role of a mobile\/Universal Serial Bus (USB) endoscope in dacryology. A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary ophthalmic institute. A mobile\/USB endoscope comprising a 14 cm long camera probe, 5.5 mm in diameter, consisting of a 1.3 MP mini camera and six light-emitting diode adjustable lights, was used for performing nasal endoscopy and therapeutic\/minor procedures. This study was divided into three parts: diagnostic, minor, and therapeutic procedures. For diagnostic purposes, nasal endoscopy was performed \u2013 preoperative (n = 31) and postoperative (n = 22) dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) \u2013 to identify the six anatomical landmark structures of the nose and patency of the ostium. For a minor procedure, retrieval of the retracted silicone intubation tube (n = 3) was attempted using this endoscope. For therapeutic purposes, endoscope-assisted probing in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) patients (n = 6) and endoscope-assisted lacrimal intubation were attempted in cases of failed DCR (n = 7). Diagnostic endoscopy performed in the outpatient department (OPD) and operating room (OR) in preoperative and postoperative DCR patients was almost 80% (n = 25) and 90% (n = 20) successful, respectively. In the remaining patients, owing to deviated nasal septum (DNS) and hypertrophied turbinates, the endoscopy was partially successful or unsuccessful. The minor procedure performed in the OPD group was 100% (n = 3) successful. The therapeutic procedures performed in OR endoscope-assisted probing in CNLDO and endoscope-assisted lacrimal intubation in failed DCR were ~ 33% (n = 2) and ~ 15% (n = 1) successful, respectively. The USB endoscope is more economical, portable, and easy to handle; hence, it is a more convenient alternative to the standard nasal endoscope for diagnostic purposes in pre- and postoperative cases of DCR and is very useful for office\/minor procedures; however, its use is limited for therapeutic purposes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2017_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T07:00:12Z","timestamp":1744873212000},"page":"S502-S507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of a mobile\/USB endoscope in dacryology"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Hare Ram","family":"Ojha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orbit and Oculoplasty, Raj Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orbit and Oculoplasty, Raj Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunima","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orbit and Oculoplasty, Raj Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alka","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1080\/17469899.2018.1520635","article-title":"The importance of endoscopy in lacrimal surgery","volume":"13","author":"Nair","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2021.1959620","article-title":"CNLDO: Choose endoscopy-guidance and NOT a blind procedure","volume":"41","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R3-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2013.11.007","article-title":"External versus endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy in a specialized lacrimal surgery center","volume":"28","author":"Gauba","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01830-5","article-title":"Endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy with mucosal flaps","volume":"135","author":"Tsirbas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.194340","article-title":"Outcomes of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: Experience of a fellowship trainee at a tertiary care center","volume":"64","author":"Kamal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2017.05.013","article-title":"Endoscopic intranasal findings in unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction","volume":"31","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R7-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181ab5cb1","article-title":"Limited nasal septoplasty by ophthalmologists during endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: Is it safe?","volume":"25","author":"Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R8-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0000000000000005","article-title":"Frequency of simultaneous nasal procedures in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy","volume":"30","author":"Figueira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R9-20260422","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S108634","article-title":"Entire lacrimal sac within the ethmoid sinus: Outcomes of powered endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R11-20260422","first-page":"649","article-title":"Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery. 2nd ed. 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