{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:19:21Z","timestamp":1787775561159,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the clinical outcomes of endonucleation chop (EC) versus conventional crater (CC) chop techniques in phacoemulsification of hard nuclear cataracts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this Prospective, longitudinal, randomized controlled study with double-blinding. Hundred consecutive eyes with uncomplicated cataracts (nucleus grades 3 and 4) were equally divided into Group A (EC) and Group B (CC). Intraoperative effective phacoemulsification time (EPT) and balanced salt solution (BSS) volume used was noted. Postoperative central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and IOP were recorded at days 1, 7, 30, and 90 postoperatively. The Chi-square test (categorical data), Mann\u2013Whitney U test, and t-tests for other parameters were done.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean EPT in Groups A and B were 6.6 and 14.25 s, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). The BSS volume used was 105.9 and 221.7 mL, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). At 3 months, the ECD loss was 4.35 and 8.6%, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.025). The-first day CCT was significantly increased in Group B but was the same in both groups at 3 months. A significant improvement in BCVA was noted in both groups. This new technique significantly reduces EPT, the BSS used, and ECD loss.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with the CC chop technique, the EC technique for phacoemulsification of hard nuclear cataracts conserved phacoemulsification energy and minimized exposure to the intraocular irrigating solution, provided a significant reduction in corneal endothelial damage, and led to faster visual rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2172_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T08:01:36Z","timestamp":1645776096000},"page":"794-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparative evaluation of modified crater (endonucleation) chop and conventional crater chop techniques during phacoemulsification of hard nuclear cataracts: A randomized study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Sukriti","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jugal Kishore","family":"Chouhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3282f154bd","article-title":"Cataract surgery for the developing world","volume":"19","author":"Tabin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32834cd622","article-title":"Femtosecond phacoemulsification:The business and the medicine","volume":"23","author":"Uy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(00)00702-1","article-title":"Crater-and-chop technique for phacoemulsification of hard cataracts","volume":"27","author":"Vanathi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.07.015","article-title":"Effect of cataract surgery on the corneal endothelium:Modern phacoemulsification compared with extra capsular cataract surgery","volume":"111","author":"Bourne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"B6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(98)80235-6","article-title":"Intraoperative complications of 1000 phacoemulsification procedures:A prospective study","volume":"24","author":"Ng","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B7-20240828","first-page":"104","article-title":"A clinical study of intraoperative complications of phacoemulsification and their management","volume":"3","author":"Ravinder","year":"2016","journal-title":"IAIM"},{"key":"B8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.05.038","article-title":"Decrease and conquer:Phacoemulsification technique for hard nucleus cataracts","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2012.02851.x","article-title":"Femtosecond laser cataract surgery:Technology and clinical practice","volume":"41","author":"Roberts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B10-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e3283414f76","article-title":"Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery","volume":"22","author":"He","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B11-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2017.01.010","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification surgery for hard nuclear cataracts","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B14-20240828","first-page":"12","article-title":"Recognising `high-risk'eyes before cataract surgery","volume":"21","author":"Gogate","year":"2008","journal-title":"Community Eye Health"},{"key":"B15-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2018.03.038","article-title":"Phacoemulsification of the rock-hard dense nuclear cataract:Options and recommendations","volume":"44","author":"Foster","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B16-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.51987","article-title":"Phaco prechop versus divide and conquer phacoemulsification:A prospective comparative interventional study","volume":"15","author":"Elnaby","year":"2008","journal-title":"Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B17-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2015.10.040","article-title":"Femtosecond laser-assisted compared with standard cataract surgery for removal of advanced cataracts","volume":"41","author":"Hatch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B18-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2013.03.015","article-title":"Retrochop technique for rock-hard cataracts","volume":"39","author":"Falabella","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B19-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13123","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13123","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification for cataract:A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B20-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0152088","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152088","article-title":"Comparing the curative effects between femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional phacoemulsification surgery:A meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B21-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.02.070","article-title":"Corneal endothelial damage after cataract surgery:microincision versus standard technique","volume":"32","author":"Mencucci","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B22-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2013.05.033","article-title":"Corneal endothelial cell loss and corneal thickness in conventional compared with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery:Three-month follow-up","volume":"39","author":"Conrad-Hengerer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"key":"B23-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000121","article-title":"Advances in cataract surgery:Preserving the corneal endothelium","volume":"26","author":"Ho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B24-20240828","first-page":"65","volume":"111","author":"Adamsons","year":"1991","journal-title":"A new method for documenting lens opacities Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B25-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0886-3350(13)80047-8","article-title":"Age-related changes in the human lens:A comparison of Sheimpflug photography and lens density index","volume":"20","author":"Bosem","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cataract Refract Surg"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"B26-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000267209","article-title":"Comparison of the Nidek EAS 1000 system and the Topcon SL-45 in clinical application","volume":"24","author":"Wegener","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"B27-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1159\/000267202","article-title":"Reproducibility of data obtained by a newly developed anterior eye segment analysis system, EAS-1000","volume":"24","author":"Sakamoto","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"B28-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2013.1673","article-title":"Determination of the density of human nuclear cataract lenses","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2172_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:31:52Z","timestamp":1787772712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2172_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2172_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-19","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}