{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:02:26Z","timestamp":1787169746842,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Fungal endophthalmitis is a potentially blinding condition. It is more often reported from Asia, including India. The incidence is lower than bacterial endophthalmitis. But it is relatively more challenging to treat than bacterial endophthalmitis. Many eyes may need therapeutic keratoplasty and\/or evisceration. The current mainstays of treatment are vitrectomy irrespective of the presenting vision, intravitreal antifungal agents, and systemic therapy; additionally, the patients could require prolonged treatment with repeat vitreous surgeries and intravitreal injections. Difficulty in clinical diagnosis, delay in microbiological culture, and limited options of antifungal drugs make the treatment more difficult and less rewarding. Three common fungi causing endophthalmitis are\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Fusarium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The former two are molds, often identified in exogenous endophthalmitis, postoperative and traumatic; the latter is yeast and is more often identified in endogenous endophthalmitis. A faster diagnosis with newer molecular microbiological technologies might help institute treatment earlier than it is currently possible. A target trial using big data from different regions of the world might emulate a randomized clinical trial to design a definite treatment strategy. Given fewer antifungal drugs, one must be mindful of antifungal stewardship to prevent resistance to the existing drugs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2329_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T08:01:36Z","timestamp":1645776096000},"page":"768-777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Understanding the science of fungal endophthalmitis - AIOS 2021 Sengamedu Srinivas Badrinath Endowment Lecture"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Taraprasad","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Srimati Kanuri Shanthamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joveeta","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jhaveri Microbiology Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saumya","family":"Jakati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Laboratory, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savitri","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jhaveri Microbiology Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thirumurthy","family":"Velpandian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Pharmacology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikant K","family":"Padhy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina- Vitreous Service, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vipin A","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IHOPE, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisinthy","family":"Shivaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jhaveri Microbiology Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameera","family":"Nayak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina- Vitreous Service, Kode Venkadadri Chaudhury Campus, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umesh C","family":"Behera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina- Vitreous Service, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilip K","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Laboratory, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaishree","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jhaveri Microbiology Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek P","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Srimati Kanuri Shanthamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avinash","family":"Pathengay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina-Vitreous Service, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, Vishakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.55.1.743","article-title":"Aspects of fungal pathogenesis in humans","volume":"55","author":"Van Burik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"B2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2939","article-title":"Immunity to fungal infections","volume":"11","author":"Romani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B3-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-020711-074958","article-title":"Adaptive immunity to fungi","volume":"30","author":"W\u00fcthrich","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B4-20240828","article-title":"Disease mechanism of fungi","author":"Kobayashi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Medical Microbiology. 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