{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T07:35:40Z","timestamp":1793172940483,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the psychosocial and economic burden associated with repeated intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections in Indian patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included adults with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular edema who had received \u22653 anti-VEGF injections at a tertiary eye care hospital between January 2022 and January 2025. A 25-item questionnaire, adapted from the QUALITII tool, assessed discomfort, anxiety, inconvenience, time loss, and satisfaction. A nine-item Intravitreal Injection Burden Score (range: 9\u201354) was developed. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach\u2019s alpha.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred patients were included (mean age 58.05 \u00b1 12.77 years; 53% male). Treatment burden was multidimensional, involving procedural discomfort, anxiety, time burden, and caregiver dependence. Injection-related discomfort and anxiety were commonly reported, with 65% experiencing predominantly mild discomfort. Treatment visits imposed a considerable time burden, with most patients spending 4\u20138 hours per visit and 85% requiring caregiver assistance. Activity restriction and postinjection analgesic use were noted in 24% and 26% of patients, respectively. The mean Intravitreal Injection Burden Score was 19.28 \u00b1 6.3 (range 9\u201336), with moderate internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 = 0.67).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While anti-VEGF therapy remains the standard of care for exudative retinal diseases, repeated injections impose significant psychosocial and economic burdens in Indian patients. Patient-centered care and supportive frameworks play a crucial role in improving adherence and health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2372_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T12:00:36Z","timestamp":1784894436000},"page":"1703-1707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beyond clinical efficacy: Measuring the life impact of repeated Anti-VEGF Injections in Indian patients"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Sonal","family":"Paliwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vitreoretina, Sewa Sadan Eye Hospital, Gandhinagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Mota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vitreoretina, Sewa Sadan Eye Hospital, Gandhinagar, Bhopal, Madhya 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