{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:22:50Z","timestamp":1791177770489,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Vitreous substitutes and tamponades occupy the vitreous cavity following vitrectomy in the management of various conditions such as retinal detachment, macular hole, and diabetic retinopathy. Such replacements can be for the short term (gases such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and perfluoropropane (C\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) or long term (such as silicone oils). Certain substitutes such as perfluorocarbon liquids are used only transiently during surgery as \u201ca third hand\u201d or rarely till a few days post surgery. Hydrogels and hyaluronan derivatives are among the newer vitreous substitutes that are showing promise for the future, albeit still under investigation. still being investigated for use as vitreous substitutes. These materials have properties similar to the natural vitreous and may offer advantages such as improved biocompatibility and biodegradability. Although vitreous substitutes are valuable tools in treating vitreoretinal conditions, they carry risks and potential complications such as cataract formation, glaucoma, and inflammation. The current communication extensively reviews the available literature on vitreous tamponades. It details the composition and properties of various vitreous substitutes and tamponades available for the clinician, highlighting the techniques of usage, indications, and limitations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2417_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T08:08:51Z","timestamp":1722240531000},"page":"1102-1111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Vitreous substitutes and tamponades \u2013 A review of types, applications, and future directions"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Manoj P","family":"Shettigar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"},{"name":"Standard Chartered-LVPEI Academy for Eye Care Education, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek Pravin","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Smt. Kanuri Santhamma Center for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Kallam Anji Reddy Campus, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Da","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Westmead and Central Clinical Schools, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Macquarie University Hospital, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonore","family":"Iguban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Rizal Medical Center, Pasig Boulevard, Pasig City, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"March de Ribot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"},{"name":"University of Girona, Girona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Zabala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Eye Center, East Avenue Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-Ting","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geeta","family":"Lalwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain Retina Assoc, 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