{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:00:29Z","timestamp":1790744429146,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the optic disc morphology in primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) versus primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in South Indians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 60 patients (60 eyes) with PACG and 52 patients (52 eyes) with POAG were included in a cross-sectional observational study. The glaucoma diagnosis was based on a glaucomatous appearance of the optic disc correlating with visual field defects. The glaucoma was graded as early, moderate, or severe, depending upon perimetric loss. All patients underwent an ophthalmic evaluation, including visual field examination and planimetric analysis of 30\u00b0 stereoscopic color optic disc photographs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The POAG and PACG groups did not differ significantly in a disc or rim area, rim width, and frequencies of disc hemorrhages or rim notches. However, early POAG group (n = 15) had a significantly deeper cup depth (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.01), larger beta zone (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.01), and a higher frequency of localized retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) defects (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.02) than early PACG (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 20).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the early stage of the disease, POAG compared to PACG may be characterized by deeper disc cupping, a larger beta zone of peripapillary atrophy, and a higher frequency of localized RNFL defects. Such differences in early glaucoma may suggest differences in pathophysiology in POAG and PACG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2442_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T14:43:02Z","timestamp":1624632182000},"page":"1833-1838","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Optic disc morphology in primary open-angle glaucoma versus primary angle-closure glaucoma in South India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Rajul","family":"Parikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shreeji Eye Clinic & Palak\u2019s Glaucoma Care Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naris","family":"Kitnarong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jost B","family":"Jonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shefali R","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shreeji Eye Clinic & Palak\u2019s Glaucoma Care Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Eye Institute, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Brisbane, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260523","first-page":"81","article-title":"Prevalence of primary glaucoma in an urban south Indian population","volume":"46","author":"Jacob","year":"1998","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.11.1277","article-title":"Glaucoma in China:How big is the problem?","volume":"85","author":"Foster","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-20260523","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00274-8","article-title":"Angle-closure glaucoma in an urban population in southern India. 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