{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:36:59Z","timestamp":1787071019940,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the diagnostic ability of macular ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and macular and peripapillary perfusion changes using OCT angiography (OCTA) in glaucoma suspect and early primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety patients (30 normal, 30 glaucoma suspects, and 30 early POAG) were recruited in this cross-sectional, prospective study. The average thickness of mGCIPL and pRNFL on spectral domain-OCT and macular vessel density (VD), optic nerve head (ONH) perfusion, and ONH flux index (FI) on OCTA were evaluated for early diagnosis of glaucoma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Macular VD, ONH perfusion, and ONH FI were significantly reduced in early POAG eyes compared to normal. The best correlation was observed between ONH FI and the average RNFL in both glaucoma suspects (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.47,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01) and early POAG patients (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.53,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01). Out of all the measured OCTA parameters, only ONH perfusion was significantly lower in glaucomatous eyes compared to glaucoma suspects (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Average GCIPL (0.82) and macular VD (0.76) had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve value among all the OCT and OCTA parameters, respectively, for differentiating glaucoma suspects from controls. Rim area (0.92) and ONH FI (0.81) had the highest AUROC value among all the OCT and OCTA parameters for differentiating early POAG patients from controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OCTA vascular parameters had a good correlation with structural damage both at the disc and the macula. OCT parameters were superior to OCTA parameters for diagnosis of glaucoma, although OCTA parameters are deranged very early in the disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2575_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:09:32Z","timestamp":1740139772000},"page":"S260-S266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative evaluation of OCT with OCTA changes at the optic disc and macula in glaucoma suspect and early glaucoma"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Dewang","family":"Angmo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research Facility and Clinical Services, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anirudh","family":"Kapoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research Facility and Clinical Services, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gazella B","family":"Warjri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research Facility and Clinical Services, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shorya Vardhan","family":"Azad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vitreo-retina, Uvea, ROP Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Chawla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vitreo-retina, Uvea, ROP Services, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viney","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research Facility and Clinical Services, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanuj","family":"Dada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Glaucoma Research Facility and Clinical Services, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1980.01020040416003","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of nerve fiber layer atrophy as an indicator of glaucomatous optic nerve damage","volume":"98","author":"Quigley","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R3-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(89)90488-1","article-title":"Retinal ganglion cell atrophy correlated with automated perimetry in human eyes with glaucoma","volume":"107","author":"Quigley","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-20250221","first-page":"741","article-title":"Number of ganglion cells in glaucoma eyes compared with threshold visual field tests in the same persons","volume":"41","author":"Kerrigan-Baumrind","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R5-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2020.03.002","article-title":"Macular imaging with optical coherence tomography in glaucoma","volume":"65","author":"Mohammadzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R6-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4241","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.19-27920","article-title":"Structure-function agreement is better than commonly thought in eyes with early glaucoma","volume":"60","author":"Hood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1039_17","article-title":"Evaluation of macular ganglion cell analysis compared to retinal nerve fiber layer thickness for preperimetric glaucoma diagnosis","volume":"66","author":"Kaushik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R8-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.03.014","article-title":"Temporal relation between macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer loss and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer loss in glaucoma","volume":"124","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R9-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2409_20","article-title":"Comparison of diagnostic ability of standard automated perimetry, short wavelength automated perimetry, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness analysis and ganglion cell layer thickness analysis in early detection of glaucoma","volume":"69","author":"Kalyani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R10-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0198397","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0198397","article-title":"Diagnostic ability of inner macular layers to discriminate early glaucomatous eyes using vertical and horizontal B-scan posterior pole protocols","volume":"13","author":"Bambo","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R11-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1177\/11206721231181929","article-title":"Peripapillary vessel density in healthy people, primary open-angle glaucoma, and normal-tension glaucoma","volume":"34","author":"Arish","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R12-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_326_21","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy and relationship between optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density and structural\/functional parameters in healthy, preperimetric, and manifest glaucoma eyes","volume":"34","author":"Khallouli","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Curr Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R13-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2021.09.012","article-title":"Measurements of OCTA complement OCT for diagnosing early primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"5","author":"Kamalipour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"key":"R14-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0184297","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184297","article-title":"Comparison of peripapillary vessel density between preperimetric and perimetric glaucoma evaluated by OCT-angiography","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R15-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0170476","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170476","article-title":"Retinal vessel density from optical coherence tomography angiography to differentiate early glaucoma, pre-perimetric glaucoma and normal eyes","volume":"12","author":"Akil","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R16-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2018.11.012","article-title":"Macula vessel density and thickness in early primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"199","author":"Hou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R17-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2023.103551","article-title":"Comparison of the vessel density measurements of the macula, optical disc, and peri-papillary region between ocular hypertension patients and healthy controls","volume":"42","author":"\u00c7om\u00e7al\u0131","year":"2023","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"key":"R18-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4899","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12154899","article-title":"The differences in the pattern of OCT and OCTA examinations between early normal- and high-tension pseudoexfoliative glaucoma","volume":"12","author":"\u0141ukasik","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R19-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002069","article-title":"Peripapillary and macular vascular density in patients with preperimetric and early primary open angle glaucoma","volume":"31","author":"Oba","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"R20-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5825","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10245825","article-title":"the diagnostic value of pulsar perimetry, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography in pre-perimetric and perimetric glaucoma","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R21-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2019.1676912","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of microvasculature in macular and peripapillary regions in early primary open-angle glaucoma","volume":"45","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"R22-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4146","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1456_22","article-title":"Comparison of peripapillary capillary plexus using optical coherence tomography angiography and retinal nerve fibre layer analysis using spectral domain optical coherence tomography in glaucoma patients, glaucoma suspects, and healthy subjects","volume":"70","author":"Dutta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R23-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000649","article-title":"Radial peripapillary capillary density measurement using optical coherence tomography angiography in early glaucoma","volume":"26","author":"Mansoori","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"key":"R24-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjopt.2018.09.006","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography angiography measured capillary density in the normal and glaucoma eyes","volume":"32","author":"Mansoori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R25-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.06.015","article-title":"Macular ganglion cell layer imaging in preperimetric glaucoma with speckle noise-reduced spectral domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"118","author":"Nakano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R26-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0210215","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210215","article-title":"Segmental inner macular layer analysis with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for early detection of normal tension glaucoma","volume":"14","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R27-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e196","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000000289","article-title":"Discrimination of glaucoma patients from healthy individuals using combined parameters from spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in an African American Population","volume":"25","author":"Blumberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Glaucoma"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"R28-20250221","first-page":"S19","article-title":"Natural history of glaucoma","volume":"59","author":"Pan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R29-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e9182","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000009182","article-title":"Diagnostic ability of macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in glaucoma suspects","volume":"96","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"R30-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.03.044","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of spectralis SD OCT automated macular layers segmentation to discriminate normal from early glaucomatous eyes","volume":"124","author":"Pazos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R31-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_157_17","article-title":"Evaluation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters in ocular hypertension, preperimetric, and early glaucoma","volume":"65","author":"Aydogan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R32-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1159\/000489457","article-title":"Diagnostic ability and discriminant values of OCT-angiography parameters in early glaucoma diagnosis","volume":"61","author":"Rolle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Res"},{"key":"R33-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2019.0016","article-title":"Additive role of optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density measurements in glaucoma diagnoses","volume":"33","author":"Kwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R34-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.10.029","article-title":"Peripapillary and macular vessel density in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and unilateral visual field loss","volume":"125","author":"Yarmohammadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R35-20250221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1080\/02713683.2017.1337157","article-title":"Glaucoma diagnostic ability of the optical coherence tomography angiography vessel density parameters","volume":"42","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_2575_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:40:25Z","timestamp":1787067625000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/IJO.IJO_2575_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2575_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-22","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-07-22","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}