{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T15:22:58Z","timestamp":1787844178733,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Earlier our group has demonstrated the drug reservoir function of the human amniotic membrane (HAM) using stable moxifloxacin and fortified cefazolin ophthalmic formulations and found it as a suitable tool to deliver drugs for an extended duration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extended-release kinetics of voriconazole from the impregnated human amniotic membrane (HAM)\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HAM buttons were incubated with freshly prepared 1% topical ophthalmic formulation of voriconazole for 5 different exposure time to investigate the ideal exposure time for the extended-release of voriconazole from HAM. The drug release kinetics was studied in simulated tear fluid for 5 weeks and the amount of voriconazole released at different intervals was estimated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array (PDA) detector.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a marginal increase in drug entrapment efficiency with increased drug exposure time but neither the drug entrapment nor the drug release was found to be statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2265 0.5). Voriconazole was detectable even at 5 weeks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A sustained release of voriconazole was achieved up to 5 weeks, when voriconazole was incubated with amniotic membrane for all the studied drug soaking times. Thus, voriconazole impregnated amniotic membrane can be considered for the sustained delivery for its in fungal keratitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2649_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T11:32:28Z","timestamp":1619955148000},"page":"1068-1072","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Drug reservoir function of voriconazole impregnated human amniotic membrane: An in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Manali","family":"Hazarika","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namperumalsamy Venkatesh","family":"Prajna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivasan","family":"Senthilkumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ocular Pharmacology, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/10837450.2017.1377232","article-title":"Medicated ocular bandages and corneal health:Potential excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredients","volume":"23","author":"Zidan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharm Dev Technol"},{"key":"B2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-016-0042-3","article-title":"Fungal keratitis in North India:Spectrum of agents, risk factors and treatment","volume":"181","author":"Ghosh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"B3-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00055735-200408000-00008","article-title":"Fungal keratitis","volume":"15","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B4-20240828","first-page":"214","article-title":"Corneal blindness:A global perspective","volume":"79","author":"Whitcher","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"B5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.81.11.965","article-title":"Epidemiology and aetiological diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India","volume":"81","author":"Srinivasan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-306485","article-title":"Re-appraisal of topical 1% voriconazole and 5% natamycin in the treatment of fungal keratitis in a randomised trial","volume":"99","author":"Sharma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2009.169607","article-title":"Geographic variations in microbial keratitis:An analysis of the peer-reviewed literature","volume":"95","author":"Shah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12822","article-title":"Fungal keratitis:An overview of clinical and laboratory aspects","volume":"61","author":"Mahmoudi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mycoses"},{"key":"B9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.1986.2.67","article-title":"Topical ocular drug delivery:Recent developments and future challenges","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Ocul Pharmacol"},{"key":"B10-20240828","first-page":"35","article-title":"Intrastromal voriconazole:An adjuvant approach for recalcitrant mycotic keratitis. 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