{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:35:20Z","timestamp":1786649720010,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze the ocular surface changes in eyes after the withdrawal of anti-glaucomatous drugs when non-penetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) is performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one patients (33 eyes) diagnosed with glaucoma that underwent NPDS were included in this prospective study. The control group included 33 eyes. Four variables were studied using Keratograph 5M (K5M): ocular hyperemia (OH), non-invasive tear film break-up time (NI-BUT), lower tear meniscus height (LTMH), and meibography. LTMH was also measured using the anterior segment module of a Spectralis Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT) instrument. Moreover, an evaluation of corneal and conjunctival staining was performed. In the glaucoma group, five visits were carried out: pre-surgery, 1 week after surgery, and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery. In control groups, examinations were performed in only one visit. In addition, patients were asked to answer two questionnaires: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) before and 6 months after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Before NPDS, eyes showed worse objective data than healthy control subjects (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.049). In this group, a significant improvement was observed in questionnaire responses (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), LTMH-FD-OCT (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.037), LTMH-K5M (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.025), K5M-OH (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003), NI-BUT (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.022), and conjunctival and corneal staining (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were observed between groups in FD-OCT and K5M LTMH, NI-BUT, corneal-conjunctival staining, nor in the most OH sector values at 6 months (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2265 0.62).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant improvement in the ocular surface was observed 6 months after NPDS, suggesting that the withdrawal of the topical anti-glaucomatous treatment had a beneficial effect on the subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  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