{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T14:53:41Z","timestamp":1791212021016,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To comprehensively evaluate the epidemiological profile, clinical characteristics, mechanisms of injury, visual outcomes, and economic burden of firecracker-related ocular trauma presenting to tertiary eye care centers in Central and Western India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective, multicentric observational study was conducted across three tertiary eye care centers during the Diwali festive period (2023\u20132024). Sixty-seven consecutive patients with firecracker-related ocular injuries were included. Data were collected using standardized electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Variables assessed included demographics, injury mechanism, role (self-handled vs bystander), type of trauma, presenting visual acuity, and treatment modality. Economic burden was estimated using institutional cost averages and published Indian cost-of-illness data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 67 patients were included, with a predominance of males (89.6%) and children (62.7%). Self-handled injuries accounted for 65.7% of cases, while 34.3% occurred among bystanders. Blast injuries were the most common mechanism (80.6%), and closed-globe trauma predominated (82.1%). More than 40% of patients presented with visual acuity worse than 6\/60. Surgical intervention was required in 23.9% of cases. The median time to presentation was 6 hours. The total estimated economic burden was \u20b921.1 lakh, with an average cost of \u20b931,500 per patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Firecracker-related ocular trauma remains a major, preventable cause of visual morbidity and financial burden in India. Strengthened regulatory measures, public education, and supervised firecracker use are critical to reducing this avoidable public health problem.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2784_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T07:00:13Z","timestamp":1787554813000},"page":"S438-S441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Firecracker-related ocular injuries during the Diwali festival: A multicentric prospective study from Central and Western India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Purendra","family":"Bhasin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Trauma Department, Ratan Jyoti Netralaya, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehul A","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Trauma Department, Drashti Netralaya, Dahod, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyamvada","family":"Bhasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Trauma Department, Ratan Jyoti Netralaya, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shreya","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Trauma Department, Drashti Netralaya, Dahod, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Balani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Trauma Department, Drashti Netralaya, Dahod, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonali","family":"Sundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ocular Trauma Department, Ratan Jyoti Netralaya, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20261005","first-page":"1403","article-title":"Ocular firecracker injuries during the Diwali festival: A decade of experience at a tertiary eye care center in South India","volume":"65","author":"Krishnan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20261005","first-page":"187","article-title":"Pattern of ocular trauma during festival season: A hospital-based study in Northern India","volume":"22","author":"Arora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"R3-20261005","first-page":"648","article-title":"Ocular injuries due to firecrackers during festivals in India: A review of ten years","volume":"67","author":"Shah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R4-20261005","first-page":"221","article-title":"Firecracker eye injuries in Western India: Demographic and clinical 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(Lond)"},{"key":"R14-20261005","first-page":"169","article-title":"Firework-related ocular injuries in the United States: Clinical patterns and prevention","volume":"178","author":"Cockerham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R15-20261005","first-page":"45","article-title":"Economic burden of ocular trauma in India: A hospital-based cost-of-illness study","volume":"170","author":"Ghosh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"R16-20261005","first-page":"215","article-title":"The cost of ocular trauma management in India: A multicentric analysis","volume":"64","author":"Pandey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health"},{"key":"R17-20261005","first-page":"391","article-title":"Blast radius and severity correlation in consumer fireworks injuries","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"R18-20261005","first-page":"1523","article-title":"Cost analysis of ocular injuries in Southeast Asia","volume":"8","author":"Lim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R19-20261005","first-page":"243","article-title":"Cost of firework-related ocular injuries in the United Kingdom","volume":"33","author":"West","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"R20-20261005","first-page":"85","article-title":"Cost-benefit analysis of firework legislation and eye injury prevention","volume":"30","author":"Dupont","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R21-20261005","first-page":"347","article-title":"Firework regulation in Scandinavia: Twenty years of sustained decline in ocular injuries","volume":"96","author":"Kruger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R22-20261005","first-page":"1173","article-title":"Fireworks injuries in developing Asia: A ten-year review of preventable trauma","volume":"39","author":"Chua","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of 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