{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:22:10Z","timestamp":1787772130135,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of three povidone\u2013iodine disinfection protocols on donor corneoscleral rim contamination and to identify factors influencing microbial contamination during corneal procurement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective interventional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center study at the National Eye Bank of Taiwan included 830 corneas from 440 donors. Three povidone\u2013iodine protocols were compared: soaking after draping (single-soaking method 1 [SSM1]), soaking before draping (SSM2), and soaking both before and after draping (double-soaking method [DSM]). Corneoscleral rim cultures were obtained post-procurement, with conjunctival cultures performed before and after each disinfection step in DSM. Grafts with gentamicin-resistant isolates were re-cultured after hypothermic storage. Donor and procurement variables were analyzed for association with contamination. The primary outcome was rim contamination; secondary outcomes included conjunctival culture positivity, persistence of resistant isolates, and associated risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 830 corneas, 350 underwent SSM1, 364 SSM2, and 116 DSM. Rim contamination rates were similar (SSM1: 3.1%, SSM2: 3.0%, DSM: 2.6%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; 0.05). In DSM, conjunctival positivity significantly decreased from 36.1% to 19.8% after double-soaking (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001).\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was the most frequent isolate. One gentamicin-resistant strain was identified but did not persist after storage. No donor or procedural factors correlated with rim contamination, and no post-transplant infections occurred.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Double-soaking significantly reduced conjunctival microbial load and showed a favorable trend toward reducing rim contamination. These findings support its use as a simple, low-risk strategy to lower ocular surface bioburden and enhance graft safety, while confirming the effectiveness of current disinfection and storage practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2807_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:01:05Z","timestamp":1781712065000},"page":"S192-S198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative efficacy of single and double povidone\u2013iodine soaking protocols combined with draping sequence in donor cornea disinfection"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Guann-Jye","family":"Chiou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Eye Bank of Taiwan, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Sang","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Eye Bank of Taiwan, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fung-Rong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"National Eye Bank 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