{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:08:29Z","timestamp":1792598909289,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Though rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac is a rare disease across the globe, the frequency with which these patients come to the outpatient department in western Odisha is quite alarming. This study was undertaken to upgrade the knowledge about the clinical profile and management of rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective study comprising 32 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically proved cases of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis who were managed with dacryocystectomy with meticulous excision. Intraoperative copious irrigation with 5% povidone\u2013iodine for 5 min and postoperative dapsone therapy for 3\u20136 months had been administered to all the patients. The mean follow-up period was 16.7 months. The study was conducted over 5 years from August 2015 to July 2020.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rhinosporidium seeberi<\/jats:italic>\n                      , an aquatic protistan parasite, was found to be the causative agent. Males and females were affected equally. Children less than 10 years of age comprised 56.2% (18 cases). History of pond bathing was found in 100% of cases. The most common presentation was boggy swelling over the lacrimal sac. The involvement was unilateral in all the cases. None of the patients were found to have nasal involvement. In 65.6%, the lesion was limited within the sac. Recurrence was noted in 25% of cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac should be excluded in all patients presenting with boggy swelling of the lacrimal sac with a history of pond bath. The recurrence can be minimized by meticulous excision, intraoperative betadine, and postoperative dapsone therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_2890_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,11]],"date-time":"2022-05-11T06:53:23Z","timestamp":1652252003000},"page":"1732-1735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac in a tertiary care hospital of India - A retrospective case study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Sharmistha","family":"Behera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, V.S.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravindra Kumar","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, V.S.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayashree","family":"Dora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, V.S.S. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1017\/S008045680000404X","article-title":"On Rhinosporidium Seeberi (Wernicke,|y1903), with special reference to its sporulation and affinities","volume":"53","author":"Ashworth","year":"1923","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Edinb"},{"key":"R2-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2750","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.9.2750-2754.1999","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of Rhinosporidium seeberi's 18S small-subunit ribosomal DNA groups this pathogen among members of the protoctistan Mesomycetozoa clade","volume":"37","author":"Herr","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R3-20251006","first-page":"428","article-title":"Nasal rhinosporidiosis-four cases relate literature 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nasolacrimal duct","volume":"25","author":"Pushker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R12-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2013.844170","article-title":"Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis: Clinical profile and surgical management by modified dacryocystorhinostomy","volume":"33","author":"Nuruddin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"R13-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03049611","article-title":"Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis","volume":"58","author":"Watve","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"R15-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1136_18","article-title":"External dacryocystorhinostomy for isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis-A suitable alternative to dacryocystectomy","volume":"67","author":"Bothra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J 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