{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:34:15Z","timestamp":1786649655522,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Corneal thinning is common in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), thereby affecting the central corneal thickness (CCT). Effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in RA has abounding literature on retinal toxicity, but there is lack of data on its corneal effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was carried out to compare CCT in RA patients before treatment initiation (Group 1) with CCT in those on HCQ for \u22653 months (Group 2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty patients were enrolled in each group. The mean age was 44.36 years with similar age, gender distribution and visual acuity in both groups. The mean CCT of patients in the cohort was 521.80 \u00b5m \u00b1 32.57 \u00b5m and 523.94 \u00b5m \u00b1 33.40 \u00b5m in the right eye (RE) and left eye (LE), respectively. Mean CCT in Group 1 was (RE) 522.80 \u00b5m\/(LE) 524.26 \u00b5m and in Group 2 was (RE) 520.80 \u00b5m\/(LE) 523.62 \u00b5m, and there was no significant difference in CCT between both the groups. Median duration of HCQ usage in Group 2 was 24 months, with the median cumulative dosage being 171 g and a majority having a dosage of 200 mg\/day. There was no significant correlation between the duration\/cumulative dosage of HCQ intake and CCT. No corneal deposits were identified in any patient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CCT of RA patients was similar to those reported in the Indian literature. However, there was no significant change in CCT or corneal deposits identified with an HCQ dosage of 200\u2013400 mg\/day. Longer follow-up would provide clarity on the impact of duration and cumulative dosage of HCQ on corneal changes and CCT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3052_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]],"date-time":"2023-12-15T05:01:01Z","timestamp":1702616461000},"page":"270-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A study to determine the effect of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Roshan Christina","family":"Jaichander","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reji Koshy","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, St. John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vineeta","family":"Shobha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, St. John\u2019s Medical College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(00)00110-7","article-title":"Human corneal thickness and its impact on intraocular pressure measures: A review and meta-analysis approach","volume":"44","author":"Doughty","year":"2000","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R2-20260428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.06.013","article-title":"Central corneal thickness of Caucasians, Chinese, Hispanics, Filipinos, African Americans, and Japanese in a glaucoma clinic","volume":"111","author":"Aghaian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R3-20260428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0760-9","article-title":"Central corneal thickness in adult Chinese. 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