{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:28:11Z","timestamp":1786649291870,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate (0.4%) is the first Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor eye drop that lowers intraocular pressure (IOP) by increasing conventional aqueous outflow through the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm\u2019s canal. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ripasudil in patients using the maximum topical anti-glaucoma medications and with uncontrolled IOP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In our prospective interventional study, we enrolled 27 eligible and consenting patients (46 eyes) who presented to us between January 2021 and June 2021. Ripasudil 0.4% was added as adjunctive therapy to the ongoing glaucoma treatment. On follow-up visits at 7 days, 15 days, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months, the visual acuity, IOP with applanation tonometer, anterior segment, and fundus were evaluated. The IOP before and after the use of ripasudil eye drops was compared by paired\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 27 patients, 18 were males and 9 were females. A statistically significant reduction in IOP was noted at all time durations (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.00001) with the maximum reduction at 3 months with all patients achieving their target IOP. No patient developed any side effects necessitating the omission of ripasudil. The most common adverse event noted was conjunctival hyperemia (22 patients), which was mild and transient.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ripasudil showed additional IOP-lowering effect with other antiglaucoma medications and exhibited no significant side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3145_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T07:18:21Z","timestamp":1654067901000},"page":"2020-2023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Safety, efficacy, and patient selection of ripasudil in patients with uncontrolled glaucoma with maximum conventional medical therapy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Jignesh","family":"Jethva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"M & J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purvi","family":"Bhagat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M & J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamini","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M & J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunjan","family":"Tank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Sheth L.G Municipal Hospital, Maninagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61423-7","article-title":"Glaucoma","volume":"377","author":"Quigley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1901","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.3192","article-title":"The pathophysiology and treatment of glaucoma:A review","volume":"311","author":"Weinreb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R3-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.06.006","article-title":"Assessment of retinal ganglion cell damage in glaucomatous optic neuropathy:Axon transport, injury and soma loss","volume":"141","author":"Nuschke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Eye 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Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor on monkey Schlemm's canal endothelial cells","volume":"53","author":"Kameda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R11-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.0525","article-title":"Additive intraocular pressure-lowering effects of the rho kinase inhibitor ripasudil (K-115) combined with timolol or latanoprost:A report of 2 randomized clinical trials","volume":"133","author":"Tanihara","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R12-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1628","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-016-0389-3","article-title":"Additive intraocular pressure lowering effects of the rho kinase inhibitor, ripasudil in glaucoma patients not able to obtain adequate control after other maximal tolerated medical therapy","volume":"33","author":"Sato","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"R13-20251004","first-page":"83","article-title":"Intraocular pressure-lowering effect of ripasudil hydrochloride hydrate and reasons for discontinuation of use in clinical practice","volume":"5","author":"Kawara","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol Clin Res"},{"key":"R14-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2015.07.008","article-title":"Effect of intravitreal Rho kinase inhibitor ripasudil (K-115) on feline retinal microcirculation","volume":"139","author":"Nakabayashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"R15-20251004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5265","article-title":"Effects of fasudil, a Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor, on optic nerve head blood flow in rabbits","volume":"52","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Visual 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