{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:37:12Z","timestamp":1787071032832,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the surgical outcomes for patients with superior oblique paralysis (SOP) who underwent the inferior oblique weakening and the graded partial inferior rectus muscle tenotomy in the contralateral eye.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for those SOP patients who had hyperdeviation of 4\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n \u201320\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n in the primary position and 8\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n \u201325\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n in the downgaze position. Patients were subdivided into three subgroups according to their vertical deviation angle in the downgaze position. They underwent an ipsilateral inferior oblique muscle recession and a graded partial tenotomy of the contralateral inferior rectus muscle. The vertical deviation angles, abnormal head position, and fundus torsion were compared statistically before and after operations. All patients were followed up at least 1 year.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Forty-seven patients were included in this study. The mean follow-up period was 17.2 months after surgery (ranging from 12 to 28 months). The vertical deviation angle was averaged preoperatively to 7.74\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b1 3.23\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n in the primary position and 15.30\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b1 5.92\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n in the downgaze position and reduced postoperatively to 0.85\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b1 1.15\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n in the primary position and 1.53\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n \u00b1 1.49\n \u25b3<\/jats:sup>\n in the downgaze position (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001). All patients had an abnormal head position preoperatively and had improved significantly postoperatively. Fundus extorsion had been improved significantly postoperatively.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n The surgical procedure of IO weakening combined with contralateral graded partial inferior rectus muscle tenotomy is a successful intervention for the correction of small deviation in primary position of SOP.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3257_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T12:09:29Z","timestamp":1720699769000},"page":"1761-1765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of graded partial inferior rectus muscle tenotomy in treatment for superior oblique paralysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Lijuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honggai","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningdong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1986.01050240045037","article-title":"Superior oblique paralysis. 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surgery","volume":"15","author":"Elkamshoushy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R9-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_699_16","article-title":"Surgical treatment of superior oblique palsy: Predictors of outcome","volume":"65","author":"Sanz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R10-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.06.038","article-title":"Congenital superior oblique palsy and trochlear nerve absence: A clinical and radiological study","volume":"119","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"R11-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2006.08.010","article-title":"\u201cInverted Brown pattern\u201d: A tight inferior oblique muscle masquerading as a superior oblique muscle underaction--clinical characteristics and surgical management","volume":"10","author":"Awadein","year":"2006","journal-title":"J AAPOS"},{"key":"R12-20260425","first-page":"1352","article-title":"Clinical features and surgical treatment of double elevator palsy in young children","volume":"11","author":"Luo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R13-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/2576117X.2018.1554931","article-title":"Superior oblique palsy: Efficacy of isolated inferior oblique recession in cases with ipsilateral hypertropia in abduction","volume":"69","author":"Torrado","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Binocul Vis Ocul Motil"},{"key":"R14-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20210706-01","article-title":"Inferior oblique muscle \u201coveraction\u201d caused by inferior oblique muscle shortening, not by hypertonicity","volume":"59","author":"Lagstein","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"R15-20260425","first-page":"97","article-title":"Mini-tenotomy procedure to correct diplopia associated with small-angle strabismus","volume":"107","author":"Wright","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"R16-20260425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2830","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6651","article-title":"Intramuscular innervation of primate extraocular muscles: Unique compartmentalization in horizontal recti","volume":"52","author":"da Silva Costa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of 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