{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T17:26:39Z","timestamp":1786728399677,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the demographics and clinical profile of Stargardt disease in patients presenting a multitier ophthalmology hospital network in India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional hospital-based study was performed among 2,834,616 new patients presenting between August 2010 and June 2021 in our network. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of Stargardt disease in at least one eye were included as cases. The data were collected using an electronic medical record system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 1,934 (0.069%) patients were diagnosed with Stargardt disease. Most of the patients were male (63.14%). The most common age group at presentation was during the second decade of life, with 626 (31.87%) patients. The overall prevalence was higher in patients from a higher socioeconomic status (0.077%), in those presenting from the urban geography (0.079%), and in students (0.197%). Systemic history of hypertension was seen in 56 (2.85%) patients, while diabetes mellitus was seen in (2.49%) patients. Of the 3,917 eyes, 1,910 (48.76%) eyes had moderate visual impairment (&gt;20\/70\u201320\/200) followed by severe visual impairment (&gt;20\/200 to 20\/400) in 646 (16.49%) eyes. The most commonly associated retinal signs were retinal flecks in 1,260 (32.17%) eyes, followed by RPE changes in 945 (24.13%) eyes. The most documented investigations were autofluorescence (39.85%), followed by optical coherence tomography (23.90). Cataract surgery was the commonest performed surgical intervention in (0.66%) eyes, followed by intravitreal injection in 4 (0.10%) eyes. The family history of parent consanguinity marriage was reported by 212 (10.79%) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stargardt disease was seen more commonly in males presenting during the second decade of life. It is predominantly a bilateral disease, with the majority of the eyes having moderate visual impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3290_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T12:14:28Z","timestamp":1695298468000},"page":"3407-3411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical profile and demographic distribution of Stargardt disease phenotypes: An Electronic medical record-driven big data analytics from a multitier eye care network"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Anthony Vipin","family":"Das","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of EyeSmart EMR and AEye, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ragukumar","family":"Venugopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of EyeSmart EMR and AEye, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brijesh","family":"Takkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumant","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neelima","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Indian Health Outcomes, Public Health, and Economics Research Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Parameswarappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, 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