{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T20:36:51Z","timestamp":1786739811359,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The keratoconus end-points assessment questionnaire (KEPAQ) is a disease-specific scale designed to evaluate the quality of life in keratoconus patients and provides the measurement of both functional and emotional compromise in keratoconus. It was previously developed, tested, and validated and now we want to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the KEPAQ, in an effort to contribute evidence on its internal consistency and capability of measuring clinical state with minimal inference of random chance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a prospective analytical study, designed to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the KEPAQ through the repeated application of the questionnaire to a group of clinically stable individuals. A number of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of keratoconus underwent double application of the KEPAQ, seven days apart. Mean KEPAQ score was obtained through Rasch analysis, while test-retest reliability was evaluated through Spearman rank-order correlation and intraclass correlation coefficient. Rasch analysis was performed in JMetrik version 4.1.1 (Psychomeasurement Systems LLC; Charlottesville, VA, USA) in a MacBook Air computer running macOS Catalina version 10.15.2 (Apple Inc.; Cupertino, CA, USA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 100 patients were included. For KEPAQ-E, Spearman correlation was R = 0.963 while ICC was 0.981 (95% confidence interval 0.972\u20130.987). For KEPAQ-F, Spearman correlation was R = 0.921 while ICC was 0.952 (95% confidence interval 0.929\u20130.968).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The KEPAQ is a robust, well-developed, extremely reliable scale which can be confidently used for clinical and research endeavors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3569_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T23:07:16Z","timestamp":1630537636000},"page":"2430-2435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Both subscales of the Keratoconus End-Points Assessment Questionnaire have excellent test-retest reliability"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Kepa","family":"Balparda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Black Mammoth Surgical, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Galarreta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Instituto Oftalmol\u00f3gico Recoletas, Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia M.","family":"Vanegas-Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura A","family":"Silva-Quintero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Medicarte, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Botero-Giraldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Medicarte, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria I","family":"Maya-Naranjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medell\u00edn, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula A","family":"Pizarro-Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santa Fe de Antioquia, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001035","article-title":"Development of a keratoconus-specific questionnaire using Rasch Analysis","volume":"94","author":"Khadka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"B2-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002169","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Keratoconus outcomes research questionnaire:A save sight Keratoconus registry study","volume":"39","author":"Kandel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"B3-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oftal.2020.05.037","article-title":"Translation and validation of the \u201cQuestionnaire for research on keratoconus results\u201c(KORQ) in the Colombian population","volume":"95","author":"Balparda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia"},{"key":"B4-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000002170","article-title":"Measurement of quality of life in keratoconus","volume":"39","author":"Kandel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"B5-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S254370","article-title":"Development and validation of the \u201cKeratoconus End-Points Assessment Questionnaire\u201c(KEPAQ), a disease-specific instrument for evaluating subjective emotional distress and visual function through rasch analysis","volume":"14","author":"Balparda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B6-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-020-04802-9","article-title":"Both sub-scales of the \u201cKeratoconus End-Points Assessment Questionnaire\u201c(KEPAQ) are unidimensional and reliable","volume":"258","author":"Balparda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B7-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S261785","article-title":"Both subjective emotional distress and visual handicap correlate with Belin ABCD classification in the worse eye as measured with the \u201cKeratoconus End-Points Assessment Questionnaire\u201c(KEPAQ)","volume":"14","author":"Balparda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B8-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-8","article-title":"A critical analysis of test-retest reliability in instrument validation studies of cancer patients under palliative care:A systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Paiva","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"B9-20240828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_3569_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T19:33:43Z","timestamp":1786736023000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/ijo.IJO_3569_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3569_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0301-4738","1998-3689"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0301-4738","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-3689","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-06","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-29","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}