{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:25:39Z","timestamp":1791314739230,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, symptoms, and awareness of computer vision syndrome (CVS) among medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 283 undergraduate medical students at a tertiary healthcare center. An electronic survey was conducted to collect the data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23). The Chi-square test (Fisher\u2019s exact test when required) was used to study the significance of associations. A\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A high prevalence of CVS was observed in which 92% reported at least one symptom while using a digital device, the most frequent being eye strain (49%). Among extraocular complaints, joint pain in the wrist and fingers was most frequent. Significant association (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) of CVS was found with increased duration of digital device usage, refractive error, use of glasses or contact lens, preexisting dry eye disease, and use of topical eye drops. 37% of the participants were aware of the 20-20-20 rule, while only 11% followed it.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CVS is a common health concern among medical students. Hence, to increase the productivity of work, significant risk factors need to be addressed and awareness must be raised.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_492_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T01:05:00Z","timestamp":1703207100000},"page":"98-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Digital eye strain among medical students associated with shifting to e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Kavita R","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpi G","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Latika","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujeet","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakshi","family":"Shiromani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuldeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260508","article-title":"Computer Vision 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